Things to note to avoid losing points on the 10th grade math exam in Hanoi

Ms. Minh Nguyet, Math teacher at Giang Vo Secondary School, reminds students of important parts to avoid losing points in each type of question on the 10th grade Math exam in Hanoi.

This year’s entrance exam for grade 10 in Hanoi will take place from June 10 to June 11. Candidates will take the Math test for 120 minutes on the morning of June 11 in essay format. According to Ms. Minh Nguyet, there are some general notes for the Math test as follows:

- When reading the questions, students should underline important words with a pencil. In particular, do not write the wrong questions. Take a minute to check if the questions you write on the test paper are correct.

- Do not present carelessly or cut corners. Math scores are multiplied by a factor of two when calculating admission scores, so each mistake will double the total exam score.

- When correcting, students should cross out the wrong part, then write the new number or letter next to it; do not correct by writing over the wrong part. This is a common mistake students make.

- Regarding time allocation: Read through the entire test, do the easy questions first, then the difficult ones. When you reach your maximum score, you should pause to review the exercises you have done, avoiding missing ideas that you can do.

Ms. Nguyet and students of Giang Vo Secondary School, class of 2016-2020. Photo: Provided by the character — Ms. Nguyet and students of Giang Vo Secondary School, class of 2016-2020. Photo: *Provided by the character*

In addition, Ms. Nguyet noted to students about each type of question in the 10th grade math exam as follows:

1. Reduced form, expression value calculation and additional questions

With the question of calculating the value of an expression , students need to check whether the value of the variable satisfies the specified condition or not, then substitute it into the expression. Students should use the calculator to check the result again, to avoid unfortunate mistakes for the easiest idea in the exam.

With the question of simplifying expressions , students need to pay attention:

- When subtracting polynomials, you should put the polynomial in parentheses and then remove the parentheses according to the rule to avoid confusing the signs.

- Don't forget the fractional hyphen.

- Avoid the mistake of misspelling the given expression name.

- When you see the reduction result is too complicated, you need to check the reduction steps from the beginning to see if there is any mistake in any step.

With the sub-question after simplifying the expression. Students need to understand the requirements of the question correctly, from there they can determine how to do it, for example: "positive" is different from "non-negative", "Find x so that the expression takes on an integer value" is different from "Find the integers x so that the expression takes on an integer value".

In this sub-question, if a new expression arises as a radical or an expression in the denominator, students must set conditions for the variable. When finding the value of x, it is necessary to compare the conditions to conclude. Students should try again to check one more time.

2. Types of exercises: setting up equations and systems of equations

To solve this type of problem, students must first determine whether to set up an equation or a system of equations.

When doing the exercise, students should pay attention to calling the hidden items correctly: For example: In the productivity problem, students only write: "Let the number of products that group 1 makes in a day be x (products)" without stating whether it is according to plan or actual. This is a mistake and will result in a lot of points being deducted. Note that the hidden items need to have units and conditions. If the quantity in the exercise is a difference, then the condition for the hidden item is for the difference to be positive.

After representing unknown quantities through unknown variables, to get an equation or system of equations, students must have an argument. When finding the unknown variables, students must not forget to compare them with the conditions and draw a conclusion.

3. Practical exercise

This lesson is usually not too difficult, students need to master the formulas for cylinders, cones, spheres; review the formulas for calculating arc length, sector area, trigonometric ratios of acute angles... to get points. Pay attention to distinguish between the two signs equal and approximation, only round the result when the question requires.

4. Exercises on quadratic equations containing parameters, relationships between parabolas and straight lines, and function graphs.

Students will learn how to draw lines, parabolas, calculate the area of triangles using graphs; basic problems about the relationship between two lines, the relationship between lines and parabolas. In addition, students also need to have solid knowledge about the conditions for having solutions of quadratic equations, special solutions, and two solutions with opposite signs. Always remember: a quadratic equation must have a solution to be able to apply the Vieta formula.

With the relation between two roots, it is necessary to pay attention to the arising conditions if there is a denominator or a radical, or the two roots are geometric lengths...

5. General Geometry exercises

Drawing: Students should draw a rough sketch first, then draw in the lesson, and write down all the points given. Note that the point names should be written close to the location of the point on the drawing, avoid writing too far away, making it difficult to follow or being cut off by the connecting lines.

You should choose a drawing paper so that you do not have to flip the paper back and forth many times while doing the test, which can easily lead to confusion. The drawing step is very important, because if you draw incorrectly, your drawing test will not be graded.

Some other small notes: Pay attention to words like "on the opposite ray", "AB < AC".

Writing and symbols : Point names should be written clearly, avoid writing carelessly because it is easy to confuse points with similar writing: O with D, E with F, M with N or H. In addition, angle symbols, if written quickly, can become arc symbols. This is a common mistake of many students and needs to be corrected.

The first two ideas of geometry exercises are usually at a basic level. Students need to be detailed, clear, and have sufficient reasons. To solve these two questions, the knowledge required is angles and circles, inscribed quadrilaterals, properties of tangents, two intersecting tangents, trigonometric ratios in right triangles, and similar triangles.

The third part of a geometry problem is usually an advanced question. However, students should avoid the "it's difficult so skip it" mentality. In recent years' exams, this part is often divided into two small questions, with the first question being a hint for the next. The level of the first small question is not too difficult, so students should try to achieve it. When doing this part, if the shape is too complicated, students can draw another larger, clearer shape to make it easier to see the direction.

6. Exercises on finding the largest and smallest values; proving inequalities or solving irrational equations

This is a difficult problem, at a high level of application for students to get the final 0.5 points.

To solve this problem, students certainly need to apply a lot of knowledge and methods, but they should not complicate the problem, sometimes confusing the problem.

Most of the solutions to these difficult problems are concise, have beautiful results and come from the basic parts of inequalities, about transforming expressions based on identities, and factoring.

Finally, to do the test effectively, good health, calmness and confidence are important conditions. When students see a question or type of exercise that is a bit strange, they can temporarily skip it and do another question, then calmly re-evaluate that question. Always think: Just do your best, hope is always open.

Vu Minh Nguyet

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