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On June 10, Mr. Sultan Al-Jaber, President-designate of the 28th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP28), affirmed his determination to cut fossil fuels at a climate conference in Bonn, Germany.
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Ensuring energy security
COP28 is held from November 30 to December 12 at Expo City Dubai (UAE).
According to Mr. Al-Jaber, how quickly fossil fuels are cut will depend on the speed of deploying “carbon-free alternatives”, while ensuring energy security, accessibility and financial capacity.
He emphasized that the roadmap of the COP28 conference includes implementing the global goal from now until 2030 of tripling the contribution of renewable energy, doubling energy efficiency and the market share of clean hydrogen.
Earlier, in Brussels (Belgium), the COP28 President signed a press release with Ms. Ursula von der Leyen, President of the European Commission (EC), calling for a transition to energy systems that do not use fossil fuels. In May, in another speech in Petersberg (Germany), Mr. Al-Jaber also stated that “there must be a mandatory roadmap to eliminate emissions from fossil fuels”.
According to Mr. Abdullah bin Zayed, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Chairman of the High-Level Committee responsible for overseeing preparations for COP28, when deciding to host COP28, the UAE is determined to lead global efforts in addressing issues related to climate change and move initiatives to address these issues from the commitment stage to the implementation stage with specific actions.
Climate risks remain high
According to the assessment recently published by the Grantham Institute of Imperial College London (UK), almost all countries in the group of 35 countries accounting for 4/5 of the world's greenhouse gas emissions scored low on carbon neutrality plans.
Most countries have set targets for net zero carbon emissions by mid-century, with China and India aiming for 2060 and 2070 respectively. But only a third of the 35 countries have such emissions reduction targets in law. The ability to slow global warming depends largely on whether countries stick to their emissions reduction pledges, but the credibility of these plans is difficult to assess. If all countries implement their short- and long-term plans, global warming could stabilize within the 1.5°C-2°C target. But if existing policies are taken into account and the more ambiguous pledges are ignored, global temperatures are likely to rise by 2.5°C-3°C.
The researchers applied the confidence ratings to model different scenarios of future emissions and the resulting temperature increases. They found that if only high-confidence net-zero emissions plans were added to existing policies, global warming would be projected to reach 2.4°C by 2100, still well above the targets set in the Paris Agreement on climate change.
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