Nowadays, one of the Vietnamese holidays is the Hung King's death anniversary (the 10th day of the 3rd lunar month every year). However, the history of this day is certainly unknown to many readers and they will not learn about the sacred holiday of the nation. Therefore, today, on the occasion of the Hung King's death anniversary, Giai Dap Viet will explore with readers the history of the Hung King's death anniversary, the day when all Vietnamese children remember the gratitude of the Hung Kings who helped build our country.
Surely every Vietnamese person knows by heart or has heard these ancient folk songs:
" No matter where you go
Remember the death anniversary of the ancestors on the tenth of March
The song is passed down from generation to generation
"The country is still the country of the homeland for a thousand years"
This proverb has permeated the hearts of every Vietnamese person from generation to generation. For thousands of years, on that day, the Vietnamese people return to their national roots. Hung Temple is still there and is always a symbol of respect and majesty in the hearts of every Vietnamese person.
According to ancient legend, Lac Long Quan and Au Co are considered the ancestors of the Vietnamese people, the descendants of Lac and Hong. The death anniversary ceremony is held on the 10th day of the 3rd lunar month every year at Hung Temple, Viet Tri, Phu Tho. That is considered the death anniversary, however, the Hung Temple festival was held before that with traditional customs, people make pilgrimages to commemorate the Hung Kings and the festival will end on the 10th day of the 3rd lunar month with a procession and incense offering to the Upper Temple.
Since ancient times, the Hung Temple Festival has held a special place in the hearts of every Vietnamese person, expressing the spirit of gratitude to one’s roots, one of the good qualities of the Vietnamese people. In the jade genealogy written during the Tran Dynasty, in 1470 under the reign of King Le Thanh Tong and in 1601 under the reign of King Le Kinh Tong, copies were stamped and placed at the Hung Temple, saying: “… From the Trieu Dynasty, Dinh Dynasty, Le Dynasty, Ly Dynasty, Tran Dynasty to our current dynasty, Hong Duc Hau Le, they still burn incense together in the temple in Trung Nghia village. The taxed lands from ancient times left for worshiping purposes remain unchanged…”
From here, it can be seen that from the Later Le Dynasty onwards, all dynasties managed Hung Temple by handing over to the local people the responsibility of looking after, protecting, burning incense, and holding the Ancestor's Death Anniversary on the 10th day of the 3rd lunar month every year. In return, they would be exempted from paying taxes for 500 hectares of rice fields, exempted from paying taxes, and exempted from being a laborer or a soldier.
During the Nguyen Dynasty, in the second year of Khai Dinh, that is, 1917, the Governor of Phu Tho at that time, Le Trung Ngoc, submitted a document to the Ministry of Rites to set the tenth day of the third lunar month every year as the International Day (National holiday, National death anniversary). This was confirmed by the Hung Vuong Tu Tu stele, established by Tham Tri Bui Ngoc Hoan, the Governor of Phu Tho, in the 15th year of Bao Dai, that is, 1940, and is also located at Thuong Temple on Hung Mountain: “Previously, the International Day was periodically held in the fall. In the second year of Khai Dinh (1917 in the solar calendar), the Governor of Phu Tho, Le Trung Ngoc, sent a document to the Ministry of Rites to set the tenth day of the third lunar month every year as the International Day, that is, one day before the death anniversary of the 18th Hung King. The death anniversary (March 11) was celebrated by the local people.”
And from here, Hung King's Commemoration Day was officially included in the law and set as the 10th day of the 3rd lunar month every year.
After the August Revolution in 1945, our Party and State paid great attention to Hung Temple. President Ho Chi Minh and other Party and State leaders all visited, continuing the noble tradition of their ancestors, demonstrating the nation's morality of "remembering the source of water when drinking".
Immediately after the successful revolution, President Ho Chi Minh signed Presidential Decree No. 22/SL – CTN on February 18, 1946, officially allowing civil servants and workers to take a day off on the 10th day of the third lunar month every year to participate in organizing activities to commemorate the Hung Kings – towards the nation's roots.
On the anniversary of the death of the ancestors in the year of Binh Tuat, Mr. Huynh Thuc Khang - Acting President of the country offered a map of Vietnam and a precious sword to inform the ancestors about the invaded country and pray for the ancestors to bless the country with peace and prosperity, the world to be at peace and unite, defeat the invaders, and protect the territorial integrity of the country. President Ho Chi Minh visited Hung Temple twice (September 19, 1954 and August 19, 1962). Here, he made the immortal saying: "The Hung Kings had the merit of building the country - Uncle and I must work together to protect the country" . He also reminded: "We must pay attention to protecting, planting more flowers and trees so that Hung Temple will become more and more solemn and beautiful, becoming a historical park for future generations to visit" .
In 1995, the Hung King's death anniversary was noted by the Secretariat as a major holiday of the year. The Department of Culture, Information and Sports coordinated with other relevant departments to organize the festival for 10 days (from March 1 to March 10 of the lunar calendar).
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