The Soviet Union's "formidable" feat in its mission to explore Venus

1. Venera was the first program to successfully reach Venus. Starting in 1961, the Venera program continuously sent probes to Venus. Venera 3, launched in 1965, became the first spacecraft to reach the surface of another planet, although it lost contact before transmitting data back to Earth. Photo: Pinterest.

2. Venera 7 was the first spacecraft to transmit data from the surface of Venus. In 1970, Venera 7 became the first spacecraft to successfully land and transmit data from the surface of Venus . It sent signals for about 23 minutes before being destroyed by the planet's extreme pressure and temperature. Photo: Pinterest.

3. Confirmation that Venus has an atmospheric pressure 92 times that of Earth. Data collected from the Venera program shows that the atmospheric pressure on Venus is extremely high, equivalent to sinking to a depth of nearly 1 km below the ocean on Earth. This makes designing spacecraft to withstand this environment extremely difficult. Photo: Pinterest.

4. Venera 9 sent the first images from the surface of Venus. In 1975, Venera 9 became the first spacecraft to take and send images from the surface of Venus back to Earth. These images showed a rugged, rocky surface, lacking any signs of water, and covered in a thick layer of fog. Photo: Pinterest.

5. Confirmed that the temperature on Venus is very high. Thanks to data from the Venera program, scientists have confirmed that the surface temperature of Venus can reach up to 475°C – hot enough to melt lead. This explains why no probe has lasted too long on this planet. Photo: Pinterest.

6. Venera 13 had the longest operating time on Venus. In 1982, Venera 13 successfully landed and lasted 127 minutes before being shut down due to extreme temperatures and pressures. This was quite a feat, since most previous probes only lasted a few dozen minutes. Photo: Pinterest.

7. The Venera program helped determine the composition of Venus' atmosphere. Thanks to the Venera missions, scientists have determined that Venus' atmosphere is more than 96% carbon dioxide, leading to a powerful greenhouse effect that makes the planet hotter than Mercury, despite being farther from the Sun. Photo: Pinterest.

8. The Venera program ended but still laid the foundation for future missions. Although the Venera program officially ended in 1984, the data it provided still played an important role in the study of Venus. Later missions such as NASA's Magellan and ESA's Venus Express were based on the knowledge from Venera. Photo: Pinterest.

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