High school graduation exam and university and college admissions in the past 20 years

Readers are invited to join Thanh Nien to look back at the high school graduation exam and university and college entrance exams over the past 20 years.

Before 2002, university and college entrance exams were organized and selected by the schools themselves. Each school organized the exam at a different time right after the high school graduation exam.

From 2002 - 2014, the exam was organized in a "3 common" format: common exam questions, common exam sessions and common exam results; divided into 3 sessions; organized at universities and colleges in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City; then organized additional exam clusters in Can Tho, Binh Dinh, Nghe An, and Hai Phong.

Kỳ thi tốt nghiệp THPT và tuyển sinh ĐH, CĐ 20 năm qua - Ảnh 1. — Candidates taking the 2023 high school graduation exam

After 13 years of organization, in addition to its successes and advantages, the "3 common" exam format has revealed some limitations. After that, the Prime Minister agreed to let the Ministry of Education and Training innovate the high school graduation exam and university and college entrance exam.

In 2015 , the Ministry of Education and Training organized the national high school exam to consider recognizing high school graduation and to serve as a basis for university education institutions to use for admission. Candidates must take 4 subjects, including 3 compulsory subjects: math, literature, foreign language and 1 elective subject from physics, chemistry, biology, history and geography. Candidates can register to take other subjects from the elective subjects to have more opportunities to be admitted to universities and colleges. Candidates who graduated from high school in previous years can only register to take the university and college entrance exams.

In 2017, the Ministry of Education and Training decided to organize only one type of exam cluster in each province and city, chaired by the Department of Education and Training; Universities and colleges will coordinate to organize according to the arrangement of the Ministry of Education and Training. Exams will be organized by test instead of by subject, with 3 independent tests: math, literature, foreign language and 2 combined tests (natural sciences and social sciences). Candidates will take 4 tests to get the results for high school graduation recognition, including math, literature, foreign language and 1 optional test in 2 combined tests. Candidates can take both optional tests, the higher test score will be counted for high school graduation recognition.

The 2018 National High School Exam caused a "public uproar" due to violations in marking in some localities. From the discovery of some unusual signs in exam scores in some localities based on the analysis of exam results data and receiving feedback from public opinion, the Ministry of Education and Training organized the marking and appraisal of exam papers in some localities and discovered serious violations in the provinces of Ha Giang, Son La, and Hoa Binh. Many key officials of the Departments of Education and Training involved in the exam have been criminally prosecuted or disciplined.

From 2020 to now , the national high school exam has been changed to a high school graduation exam, focusing on the main goal of high school graduation to assess the quality of high school students nationwide. The exam requires 3 subjects: math, literature, foreign language and 1 combined exam. Students can still choose one of 2 subjects (social science or natural science) to take the exam but cannot choose both exams as before.

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