People with kidney disease should limit their consumption of foods high in salt and potassium, and prioritize fish, chicken, and green vegetables during Tet.
Kidney disease occurs when the kidneys are damaged, leading to a decline in their blood filtering function, causing waste products and excess fluid to accumulate in the body.
Dr. Ngo Dong Dung, Department of Nephrology - Dialysis, Center for Urology - Nephrology - Andrology, Tam Anh General Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, recommends that kidney patients apply a scientific nutritional regimen according to the doctor's instructions, especially during Tet, when the need for food increases more than usual.
Limit salt
People with kidney disease should only consume 2 grams of salt or less per day, including salt used in cooking and salt available in food.
Reduce protein
The amount of protein a kidney patient consumes per day depends on the stage of the disease and whether or not they are undergoing dialysis.
Patients not on dialysis:
Phase 1-2: protein intake is 1 g/kg body weight per day.
Phase 3-4: protein intake 0.6-0.8 g/kg body weight per day.
Phase 5: protein intake is 0.6 g/kg body weight per day.
Kidney patients with indications for dialysis:
Patients on hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis three times per week: 1.2 g/kg body weight per day.
Patients on hemodialysis twice daily: 1 g/kg body weight per day.
Patients on hemodialysis once daily: 0.8 g/kg body weight per day.
People with kidney disease need to pay attention to the amount of salt and protein they consume during Tet. Photo: Freepik
Hypokalemia
Eating foods rich in potassium can cause hyperkalemia, heart rhythm disturbances, and sudden cardiac arrest, so people with kidney disease should limit their intake. Depending on the stage of the disease and the frequency of dialysis, people with kidney disease need to reduce their potassium intake.
Kidney patients not on dialysis:
Under 4,000 mg a day with phases 1-2.
Under 3,000 mg a day for stages 3-4.
Under 1,500-2,000 mg a day with stage 5.
Kidney patients on dialysis:
Hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis three times a week: 2,000-3,000 mg a day.
Hemodialysis once weekly, peritoneal dialysis twice weekly: 1,500-2,000 mg per day.
Reduce phosphorus
Depending on the stage of the disease, kidney patients should only take in less than 0.8-1.2g of phosphorus per day because consuming too much phosphorus increases the risk of osteoporosis. Some foods rich in phosphorus that patients should limit include processed meat (ham, sausage, bacon, sausage, sausage); animal organs, seafood, cheese...
Adjust water needs
People with kidney disease need to regularly monitor their water intake and output. They can control their water intake using the formula: Total water intake per day = 500 ml + water loss (urination, sweat, breathing, vomiting...). In which, the amount of water taken into the body includes drinks and water in food.
According to Dr. Dung, people with kidney failure can eat fish, chicken, duck but remove the skin and organs; egg whites; vegetables (broccoli, cauliflower, mustard greens, bitter melon...) boiled thoroughly; 1-2 glasses of reduced-protein milk specifically for people with kidney disease.
People with kidney disease should avoid eating processed foods (ham, sausage, salami, dried meat and seafood...); canned foods; pickled foods (pickled onions, pickled shallots...) because they contain a lot of salt. Foods high in fat; beef, seafood, animal organs; fruits rich in potassium (watermelon, banana, mango, grape, orange, grapefruit, tangerine, dried fruit...) are also not beneficial. Do not add sauce when eating; do not drink beer, alcohol, or carbonated soft drinks.
In addition, when preparing Tet dishes, patients and their families should avoid adding too many spices, frying or reheating many times.
Thang Vu
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