Implementing Decision No. 2054/QD-UBND dated August 8, 2022 of the People's Committee of Quang Tri province promulgating a set of criteria for building new rural model gardens in the province for the period 2022-2025, localities and specialized sectors have focused on directing the construction of model garden models to develop garden economy, both bringing high economic efficiency, contributing to changing the mindset of garden economy of many farming households towards commodity production, while creating a green, clean and beautiful new rural environment, which is also a condition to improve the quality of life of people in rural areas. Accordingly, under the direction of the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, the Quang Tri Agricultural Extension Center has guided farmers on technical measures to build model gardens systematically and effectively.
Developing specialized orange gardens in Cam Hieu commune, Cam Lo - Photo: TCL
As a semi-mountainous area, Hai Le commune, Quang Tri town has a fairly large garden area, many households have gardens of several sao, some households have nearly one hectare, but up to now, most people have planted many types of trees in one garden such as banana, jackfruit, guava, mango, tea... interspersed with each other with the main purpose of serving the needs of the family, the efficiency is not high, and there is no commodity value.
Implementing the agricultural restructuring project of Quang Tri town in conjunction with the national target program on new rural construction, Hai Le Commune People's Committee directed people to renovate mixed gardens and coordinate with specialized units to guide people in building model gardens.
Households with an area of 500 m2 or more are eligible to build model gardens and gardens attached to households. Many adjacent households create conditions for easy application of scientific and technical advances when building gardens and building scientific irrigation systems.
Households building model gardens are required to apply at least 1 scientific and technical advance in production; products from model gardens must meet food safety standards. The landscape environment must have green fences or concrete or metal fences, and the garden must be clean and beautiful.
The model of building a model garden in Hai Le is implemented on a household scale and a group of households associated with production in the Nhu Le and Tich Tuong cooperatives with a total of 13 households participating in the model, with an area of 2 hectares.
When starting to build the model garden, households redesigned the garden, specialized in growing to create commodity products, applied scientific and technical advances, and produced in an organic direction to create clean products. Up to now, households participating in the model have beautifully designed gardens, applied scientific irrigation systems, and quite large garden areas such as households: Ngo Thi Lai 5 sao, Nguyen Tri Minh 8 sao, Ho Phien 10 sao, Ho Chau 2 sao, Ho Sanh 2 sao...
The model gardens have been built for over 3 years with the main crops being green-skinned grapefruit and oranges. The trees are growing well and some gardens have already produced fruit. After 3 years, the green-skinned grapefruit gardens are gradually closing their canopy, with the trees reaching 2.5-3 m in height.
Standard green-skinned grapefruit varieties are grafted varieties, with origins meeting TCVN 9302:2013. Grafted trees have healthy, green leaves, without disease. The tree trunk is straight, sturdy, the graft is close and well-connected.
The garden design with a planting distance of 5 x 5 m for green-skinned grapefruit equivalent to 20 trees/sao (400 trees/ha); for oranges 3.5 x 4 m equivalent to 36 trees/sao (720 trees/ha). Currently, the green-skinned grapefruit variety shows its adaptability to the land and climate in Hai Le, grows well, is resistant to pests and diseases, and produces 4-6 shoots/year.
Green-skinned grapefruit flowers from January and is harvested around July and August. The fruit is long and round, with dark green skin, thin peel, pink flesh, beautiful, dry grapefruit segments, seedless or with few seeds and a sweet taste. The fruit weighs 1.2-1.5 kg. The pomelo variety grows quite well, but in the early stages of planting, it is damaged by leaf miners that damage the leaves and young shoots. Households have strictly protected the young shoots, so the tree has grown well so far, with a height of 1.8-2 m.
During the process of building a model garden in Hai Le, technical staff of the Quang Tri Town Agricultural Extension Station always accompanied farmers from guiding them on how to plant, care for, prevent pests and diseases to how to process, compost organic fertilizers, and treat flowers and fruits...
The tree is now nearing the end of its basic construction period, has a strong growth rate, high nutritional needs and is susceptible to pests and diseases. Technical staff from the Town Agricultural Extension Station provide full guidance on how to care for and effectively control pests and diseases in the garden.
Fertilize 4 times a year to stimulate seasonal growth, water the trees during the dry season, and prevent leafminers, aphids, and bugs from damaging the new growth. Technical staff also guide farmers on pruning techniques to create a beautiful and even canopy for the trees in the first 3 years of the basic construction cycle to enter the fruit harvest period.
From the main trunk, leave only 3 level 1 branches staggered on all sides of the tree. When the level 1 branches are 30 cm long, pinch the top to create 2-3 level 2 branches evenly distributed in all directions. Continue to care for the tree to sprout and develop level 3 and level 4 branches for an even, round canopy.
Regularly cut off small branches, excess branches, low shoots growing on the rootstock. After about 5 years, oranges and green-skinned grapefruit in the model garden will give stable yield (expected 1-1.5 tons/sao), bringing in an income of 15-20 million VND/sao.
In addition to the model gardens growing green-skinned grapefruit and oranges, some households choose to grow jackfruit, guava, mango, longan... all in the direction of commodity production. Agricultural extension officers also enthusiastically guide them on how to choose varieties, planting techniques, care, and prevent pests and diseases... so the gardens all grow well.
Director of Quang Tri Agricultural Extension Center Tran Can said: the guidance for farmers to build model gardens is progressing well.
Implementing mixed garden renovation, building model gardens for higher economic efficiency and creating beautiful landscapes in new rural construction. Model garden models are being replicated in many localities in the province to create commodity products, which is one of the stable sources of income for farmers.
Tran Cat Linh
Source: https://baoquangtri.vn/phat-trien-kinh-te-vuon-bang-mo-hinh-vuon-mau-186842.htm
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