(NADS) - The Da River, a river full of vitality and potential located between the majestic Northwest mountains, has become a bright spot on Vietnam's electricity development map in recent years. The system of hydropower plants built in steps along this river has become a typical example in exploiting renewable energy sources effectively and sustainably.
Through the lens of Photographer Vu Phi Long (Son La), the Song Da hydroelectric ladder system has revealed all the grandeur, majesty and beauty of these works. Photo series "Song Da hydroelectric ladder system" Vu Phi Long's work won the Gold Medal at the 2024 Northern Mountainous Region Festival.
With favorable terrain such as high mountains, strong and stable flow, Da River is an ideal place to build large hydroelectric plants. Up to now, on Da River there have been 6 large hydroelectric plants such as Hoa Binh, Son La, Lai Chau, Ban Chat, Pac Ma, Huoi Quang.
The construction of hydroelectric projects on the Da River not only helps solve the problem of power shortages during the dry season, but also plays an important role in ensuring national energy security. These hydroelectric plants are connected to the national grid, providing a stable source of electricity, contributing to promoting the socio-economic development of the Northwest region as well as the whole country.
Hoa Binh Hydroelectric Plant
Built on the Da River, in Hoa Binh Province, about 150 km from Hanoi. The project was designed and equipped by the Soviet Union, started construction on November 6, 1979, and inaugurated on December 20, 1994. To build the dam, workers had to dam the river twice. The first phase was on January 12, 1983 and the second phase was on January 9, 1986.
The forces participating in the project include: 30,000 workers, 5,000 soldiers, 750 Soviet experts, and 1,000 project management staff.
The Hoa Binh Hydroelectric Project has the largest capacity in Southeast Asia in the 20th century, with four tasks, of which flood control, ensuring safety for the capital Hanoi, the provinces of the Red River Delta and electricity supply are considered essential.
The spillway has 12 bottom spillways and 6 surface spillways with a maximum discharge capacity of 35,400m3/s. The reservoir has a capacity of 9.8 billion m3 of water. At the spillway gates, pyramid-shaped concrete pillars are built to reduce the velocity of water when discharged. The average annual electricity output of the plant is about 7-8 billion kWh.
Son La Hydroelectric Plant
Located on the Da River, in Muong La District, Son La Province, about 300 km from Hanoi, Son La Hydropower Plant is a national key project that started construction on December 2, 2005 and was inaugurated on December 23, 2012, becoming the largest hydropower plant in Southeast Asia. Son La Hydropower Plant is designed and constructed using new technology - Roller Compacted Concrete with many advantages in controlling thermal stress in large concrete blocks.
Son La Hydropower Plant has an installed capacity of 2,400 MW, with 6 units. The headworks include a main dam made of roller compacted concrete, a spillway made of conventional reinforced concrete and a hydropower plant. The plant's average annual electricity output is about 9-10 billion kWh. It supplies about 25% of the country's total electricity output, contributing to solving the power shortage in the North.
Lai Chau Hydroelectric Plant
Lai Chau Hydropower Plant, also known as Nam Nhun Hydropower Plant, is a key national project in Vietnam, built on the main stream of the Da River in Nam Nhun town, Nam Nhun district, Lai Chau province, about 450 km from Hanoi.
Lai Chau Hydropower Plant has a total installed capacity of 1,200 MW with 3 units, started construction on January 5, 2011, connected to the grid 3 units in November 2016, inaugurated in December 2016.
This project is built on the uppermost step of the Da River mainstream in Vietnam, the upper step of the Son La Hydropower Plant. This project has a total preliminary investment estimated at more than 35,700 billion VND. Lai Chau Hydropower Plant will supply about 4,670.8 million kWh to the national grid each year.
This hydroelectric project not only plays an important role in developing electricity and supplying water to the Red River Delta in the dry season, but also creates opportunities for socio-economic development in Lai Chau and Dien Bien provinces, ensuring national security and defense in the Northwest region.
Huoi Quang Hydroelectric Plant
Huoi Quang Hydropower Plant (some documents write Huoi Quang) is a hydropower project built on the Nam Mu River in Khoen On commune, Than Uyen district, Lai Chau province, and Chieng Lao commune, Muong La district, Son La province, in the northwestern region of Vietnam.
Huoi Quang Hydropower Plant is a project that started construction in January 2006 and was completed in May 2016.
The reservoir has a basin area of 2,824 km2, an average annual flow of 158.1 m3/s, a normal water level of 370 m, a downstream water level of 215 m, an open surface area of 870 ha, and a capacity at the maximum water level of 184.2 million m3.
The factory plays a very important role in providing electricity to the national grid. Participates in regulating water and coordinating the flow on the Nam Mu River. Contributes to increasing production for Hoa Binh and Son La hydropower plants, regulating floods in the rainy season, and providing water in the dry season for the downstream areas of the Northern Delta.
Ban Chat Hydroelectric Plant
The Ban Chat Hydropower Project is located on the Nam Mu River in Than Uyen and Tan Uyen districts of Lai Chau province. On January 8, 2006, the project officially started construction. On February 15, 2008, the first phase of the river was blocked and the water was diverted through a temporary project. From October 8, 2012, the reservoir began to store water in phase 2, allowing it to reach the normal water level. After more than 7 years of construction, on February 8, 2013, unit 1 and on May 29, 2013, unit 2, which is also the last unit of the Ban Chat Hydropower Project, were officially connected to the national grid.
With a capacity of 220 MW, including 4 units, each unit of 55 MW. The average annual electricity output of the plant is about 900 million kWh.
The main task of the Project is to supply electricity to the National Grid with a total designed capacity of 220MW (2x110MW), the average annual electricity output is 769.7 million kWh (in addition to the increase for Hoa Binh Hydropower Plant and Son La Hydropower Plant of 388.4 million kWh).
PacMa Hydroelectric Plant
Pac Ma Hydropower Plant is built on the Nam Cum River, in Muong Te Commune, Muong Te District. Construction began in March 2016. This is the last hydropower project on the Da River with an estimated total investment of VND5,400 billion. This is also the 4th largest hydropower project after Lai Chau Hydropower Plant (1,200 MW), Huoi Quang Hydropower Plant (520 MW), and Ban Chat Hydropower Plant (220 MW).
Pac Ma Hydropower Plant has an installed capacity of 140 MW with 4 turbines, with an estimated annual electricity output of about 530 million kWh.
Pac Ma Hydropower Plant, after being put into operation, will, together with other hydropower projects, contribute to increasing the national electricity output, making a positive contribution to the socio-economic development of Muong Te district in particular and Lai Chau province in general, as well as the Northwest region. Contributing to shifting the economic structure towards industrialization and modernization. Contributing to increasing local budget revenue, strengthening infrastructure in remote areas and creating jobs, increasing income for people in the project area.
Source: https://nhiepanhdoisong.vn/he-thong-bac-thang-thuy-dien-song-da-dot-pha-cong-nghe-nang-luong-xanh-14626.html
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