Recently, at the 15th session of the People's Council (May 19), the People's Committee of Ho Chi Minh City presented to the council the "Project to adjust the General Planning of Ho Chi Minh City to 2040, with a vision to 2060".
According to the City People's Committee, in the previous Master Plan orientation, some issues were not identified in urban development. In particular, the model of urban development exploitation in the direction of high-capacity public transport (abbreviated as TOD) - an urban trend that the world has been developing - has not been clearly specified.
Therefore, in this project, the city has oriented and identified development areas according to the TOD model.
Accordingly, TOD urban areas will prioritize being associated with new development centers, combined with urban embellishment in some potential areas, in line with the plans and construction progress of metro lines.
In addition, the project also proposes a TOD model for the vicinity of traffic junctions along Ring Road 3 according to Resolution 98 of the National Assembly.
Specifically, within the scope of the Ring Road 3 project, respecting the current development status, organizing and arranging to increase the compaction in metro station areas, areas near key traffic intersections according to the TOD model; reducing density in the remaining areas to renovate and embellish the urban area, creating land funds to add trees, build social infrastructure, technical infrastructure step by step to ensure compliance with national standards and regulations, towards a higher goal: "Forming urban centers, specialized urban development driving areas".
The trend of megacities
Previously, at a workshop on TOD development in Ho Chi Minh City, Prof. Dr. Dang Hung Vo (consultant, World Bank) said that in the past 15 years, Vietnam has been very interested in the method of planning and organizing urban space in the form of TOD. According to him, this is a suitable trend for a megacity like Ho Chi Minh City.
Mr. Shige Sakaki (transportation program coordinator, World Bank in Vietnam) said that TOD is an urban development model based on the use of public transport.
There, the community lives and operates within a 5-10 minute walking distance from public transportation to schools, hospitals, workplaces or commercial shopping areas...
Speaking at the workshop, Professor Vu Anh Tuan (Vietnam-Germany Transport Research Center) said that TOD aims to support and restructure urban areas and public transport systems to create a good, efficient and sustainable urban environment.
This model will reduce personal vehicles, reduce environmental impact issues such as traffic jams, pollution, traffic congestion... which are problems of megacities.
Experts agree that TOD development creates satellite cities, helping to decompress urban space and population density for central areas of the city, which are currently overloaded.
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Pilot along the metro system
Speaking with VietNamNet, Architect Ngo Viet Nam Son affirmed that if the TOD model is successfully implemented, this will be an urban revolution not only for Ho Chi Minh City but also for the whole country.
According to him, in the immediate future, Ho Chi Minh City can pilot the project along metro lines.
Specifically, the TOD's core influence area along the metro line needs to be planned with a radius of 50-200m (from the road axis). At metro stations, the influence area will have a radius of 400-800m.
Regarding implementation, according to Professor Dang Hung Vo, above all, there must be consensus from the community of residents living in the development area.
In addition, two issues need to be considered: one is land to develop public transport routes connecting “meshed cities”. The second is land transfer to reorganize urban spaces.
For land for traffic development, the State's land recovery mechanism is completely reasonable, because these are infrastructure projects serving public interests.
The most suitable "land transfer" mechanism in "grid cities" is the "land use rights pooling and land readjustment" mechanism that has been successfully implemented in many countries.
Regarding this issue, according to Architect Nam Son, TOD implementation must be accepted according to the market mechanism. That is, land acquisition must be compensated at the correct market price (actual purchase and sale price - NV).
The benefits of this mechanism help to significantly reduce the situation of lawsuits and complaints (such as the Thu Thiem project and the High-Tech Park - PV). At that time, the State will soon have clean land funds, and conduct auctions to attract strategic investors to implement TOD.
Architect Nam Son affirmed that after the auction, the state has a very large source of revenue, usually at least recovering the money spent on infrastructure projects, after deducting costs. Implementation according to this mechanism also establishes a new value level for the real estate market in these urban areas.
According to experts, to develop TOD along metro lines, it is necessary to synchronize tasks at the same time.
In parallel with the implementation of metro lines, the bus system connecting to stations is also deployed synchronously, creating a closed public transport network.
In addition, land acquisition, compensation, clearance, auction, etc. must be implemented in parallel. This shows that TOD implementation requires close cooperation and connection between departments, between investors and the state and people (within the TOD area of influence).
Besides, although Resolution 98 allows for piloting, a more specific legal foundation is also needed, which is decrees and guiding circulars to serve as a legal basis for implementation.
At that time, leaders will be able to implement with confidence without fear of breaking the law or making mistakes. In addition, implementing TOD requires public-private cooperation, because the state budget is limited.
Source: https://vietnamnet.vn/tphcm-ap-dung-dau-tien-mo-hinh-tod-chuyen-gia-noi-thi-diem-doc-metro-2282919.html
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