Kon Tum province has 7 local ethnic groups, including: Ba Na, Gia Rai, Gie Trieng, Xo Dang, Brau, Ro Mam and Hre. For local ethnic groups, villages are very important in their lives. Over time, the space of the villages has changed but in general, they still retain their inherent distinctive features, creating a unique cultural space.
Each ethnic minority village is a unified residential unit, established mainly based on basic blood relationships and ethnic composition.
In the traditional society of the local ethnic groups in Kon Tum, there exists only one social organization, the village. Each village is a unified community unit, established mainly based on basic relationships of blood, marriage, same ethnic group, same rights and shared responsibilities. In the past, choosing a location to establish a village was an important matter for the whole community, so when choosing a location to establish a new village, conditions that are essential to the direct life of the community were always carefully considered.
Mr. A Jar, Plei Don village, Quang Trung ward, Kon Tum city, who has many years of research and collection on the culture of ethnic groups in Kon Tum, said: In the past, when looking for a location to establish a village, the first condition was to have a water source. The village location was often chosen in a high, airy, flat, easy-to-move place, to protect the villagers from the threat of enemies from outside and wild animals. Each ethnic group has its own way of choosing a location, suitable to cultural conditions, such as the Ba Na and Gia Rai ethnic groups often choose to establish villages in areas near rivers and streams; the Xo Dang ethnic group chooses to establish villages halfway up hills and mountains.
The Ba Na people often choose locations near rivers and streams to build villages.
The village names of ethnic minorities in Kon Tum also have their own unique features, often named after a tree species with a specific meaning associated with the place of residence; associated with a water source, usually a stream, lake, pond; originating from a legendary story or a legend.
Mr. A Jar said: The name of the village is closely attached to each person and the whole community, it is not easy to lose. Therefore, when a new village is separated, the old village name is still kept and a certain element with the characteristics of the new village is added, for example, Kon Mo Nay village is separated into another village called Kon Mo Nay So Lam village; for example, Kon Hngo village lives by a stream but is surrounded by many pine trees, the pine tree is called Hngo.
The communal house of the Gie Trieng people in Dak Wâk village, Dak Kroong commune, Dak Glei district still retains its original features of the past.
According to the belief of ethnic minorities, if there is a village, there must be a communal house. Any village without a communal house lacks the vitality of its origins. The communal house encompasses all the quintessence of human cultural creativity in the natural ecological environment, both majestic and containing spiritual elements, is a manifestation of forest culture and the solidarity of the human community associated with nature. In terms of architecture, the communal house of each ethnic group is different, according to the customs of each ethnic group, but if we talk about the large scale, we must mention the communal house of the Ba Na, Gia Rai, Xo Dang, and Gie Trieng ethnic groups.
Village elder A Thong (Gie Trieng ethnic group), Dak Wâk village, Dak Kroong commune, Dak Glei district said: The majestic communal house rising to the sky with the shape of a giant axe represents the strength of a village community, showing the martial spirit, full of authority, like controlling space and time to affirm the sovereignty and territory of the village. Usually, the location of the communal house is always in harmony with the surrounding houses, in front there is a large yard to organize traditional folk festivals and community activities.
With the attention of local authorities, many ethnic minority villages in Kon Tum province have done community tourism.
Nowadays, in the process of integration and development, ethnic minority villages in Kon Tum province no longer retain their original features as before. However, in each village, there are still unique and distinctive cultural values that each person and each household preserves, considering it as spiritual food, traditional culture to continue to preserve and promote in accordance with the current socio-economic development conditions.
Many villages have been recognized as community tourism villages, such as: Kon Ko Tu village, Kon Jo Ri village, Dak Ro Wa commune, Kon Tum city; Vi Ro Ngheo village, Dak Tang commune, Kon Plong district; Kon Trang Long Loi village, Dak Ha town, Dak Ha district; Dak Rang village, Dak Duc commune, Ngoc Hoi district... In these villages, traditional gong teams, brocade weaving, wine making or related religious rituals are still maintained. People have also begun to boldly and gradually get used to welcoming tourists to their villages and hamlets for sightseeing and experience. This is the motivation for ethnic minorities to continue to do better in preserving and promoting the traditional cultural values of the nation.
Ngoc Chi (Ethnic and Development Newspaper)
Source: https://baophutho.vn/lang-truyen-thong-cua-dong-bao-dtts-o-kon-tum-228551.htm
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