CHOICES FOR AFTER HIGH SCHOOL CAREER ARE INCREASINGLY DIVERSE
In recent years, the choice of career path after high school of Vietnamese students has become more and more diverse, no longer focusing on the main path of going to university.
In 2020, according to statistics from the Ministry of Education and Training, there were 900,152 candidates (TS) registering for the high school graduation exam. Of which, the number of candidates registering for university admission was 643,122, accounting for 71.45%. In 2021, there were 1,014,972 candidates registering for the high school graduation exam, of which 792,616 candidates registered for university admission, accounting for 78.1%. In 2020 and 2021, the university admission registration rate was over 70% due to registration before the graduation exam. If registration was after the graduation exam, this rate would certainly decrease.
The 2022 data clearly shows that. Of the 1,002,525 candidates taking the high school graduation exam, 941,759 candidates registered for university admission before the exam (accounting for 93.1%). However, when officially registering after the graduation results were released, only 616,522 candidates registered for university admission, accounting for 61.5%. Of those, less than 50% were admitted to university.
More than 50% of high school graduates choose to study at colleges, vocational schools, work domestically or work abroad, and some go to study abroad. This is a positive result of career guidance and student streaming after high school; and reflects the reality of very diverse labor market needs.
Grade 12 students learn about university training programs in Thanh Nien Newspaper's 2023 Exam Season Consulting program
5 FACTORS AFFECTING STUDENTS' SCHOOL CHOICE
Recently, a study by Master Mai Thi Quynh Nhu (Duy Tan University) published in the Industry and Trade magazine showed that there are a number of important factors that influence students' choice of school. The study surveyed mainly 12th grade students of Phan Chu Trinh High School, Hoang Hoa Tham High School, Hoa Vang High School and a number of other schools in Da Nang.
The results show that there are 5 important factors that have a high to low impact on students' decision to choose a university, which are: tuition and study costs, training quality, school promotion, future jobs and the ability to get into the school.
Regarding tuition fees: there are two issues that students are concerned about: choosing a school with low tuition fees, suitable for their financial conditions and their family, reducing the burden on parents in the face of large expenses during 4-5 years of university study. Second, students often choose schools with the best and most favorable policies on tuition exemption, reduction and loan support for students such as children of poor households, near-poor households, ethnic minorities...
Regarding the quality of teaching and learning, there are 3 issues that students are concerned about: Is the school equipped with modern equipment for teaching? Modern facilities play an increasingly important role in the quality of training. Schools that have invested well in teaching equipment and machinery, similar to the actual machinery of enterprises, are chosen by many students. The next concern is that the school has a training major that suits their abilities and interests: Schools with many practical training programs, meeting the needs of the labor market, the requirements of socio-economic development and suitable for the diverse abilities and interests of students will be given priority by students. Next is the quality of lecturers: Schools with a sufficient number of lecturers, good expertise, good personality and ethics to improve the quality of training; have a policy of training staff, creating conditions for lecturers to study domestically and abroad; lecturers with many research projects... will be chosen by many students.
The school's information promotion plays an important role in the enrollment process. According to survey statistics, 69.9% of students start learning about universities through the school's website. Schools with in-depth introductions about training majors/occupations, the number of employed students, job forecasts, etc. will be chosen by many students.
High school students are very interested in their future jobs after graduating from university. Schools that are able to connect with domestic and foreign businesses to support and introduce jobs to students, while creating conditions for students to improve their knowledge and confidently integrate into the world following the trend of global internationalization... will have many students choosing them.
Most students consider choosing a school that is suitable for their academic ability. Specifically, students with good or better academic performance often choose "top" universities (usually prestigious public schools), while students with average or below average academic performance often choose "lower" schools (usually non-public schools). Schools with high or low admission scores, but with many new training majors, are also chosen by many students.
Students from Khanh Hoa province learn about universities in the Exam Season Consulting program held in the province in early March this year. This is one of the provinces with a high university entrance rate of 60.76%.
SOLUTIONS FOR DIFFICULT AREAS: UNIVERSITIES SHOULD CONSIDER INCREASING TUITION FEES
Difficult localities such as Hoa Binh, Bac Kan, Soc Trang, Dak Lak, Tra Vinh, Hau Giang, Dien Bien, Lang Son, Dak Nong, Son La, Cao Bang, Lai Chau, Ha Giang, not only have limited education quality but also very few universities and colleges in these localities, and the opportunity for students in these localities to access university and college education is low.
Therefore, the State invests in education in disadvantaged areas, has a policy of giving priority to adding reasonable points and supporting, exempting and reducing tuition fees and costs of studying away from home. On the other hand, universities coordinate with localities to open university training branches, focusing on the professions that the localities need.
Based on the factors affecting students' choice of school, universities need to be cautious in increasing tuition fees, need to expand and strengthen training majors, improve training quality, promote image, coordinate with high schools to provide career guidance and connect with domestic and foreign enterprises to create jobs for students, which is very necessary.
Why do Thua Thien-Hue, Da Nang, and Khanh Hoa have high university entrance exam rates?
The results of the university admission rate - admission compared to the number of students graduating in 2022 show that there are 10 localities in the top, including: Binh Duong (rate of 67.42%), Thua Thien-Hue (62.57%), Da Nang (61.88%), Khanh Hoa (60.76%), Ho Chi Minh City (60.74%), Nam Dinh (60.54%), Hai Phong (58.55%), Phu Yen (57.1%), Hanoi (56.81%), Hung Yen (56.62%). It is worth noting that the 3 central localities, including Thua Thien-Hue, Da Nang, Khanh Hoa, have a low total score in 3 subjects of math, literature, foreign language and an average score of 9 subjects but a high university admission ranking.
In addition to the tradition of studiousness, these localities have many universities for students to choose from and low tuition fees, which are advantages.
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