Difficulty in land fund and funding
According to a report in 2022, Sa Pa suffered nearly 39 billion VND in damage due to natural disasters. In the first 9 months of 2023, Sa Pa suffered many flash floods that killed many people, damaged many houses and crops with a total damage of nearly 300 billion VND.
A typical example is the historic flood that occurred in Lien Minh commune, Sa Pa town on the night of September 12th and early morning of September 13th, killing 6 people, leaving 3 missing and injuring 7 others, affecting 24 houses and 61 salmon farms, with an estimated total loss of 260 billion VND. This reality requires the need to quickly and sustainably arrange and arrange for residents to be safe from natural disasters.
Mr. To Ngoc Lien, Chairman of Sa Pa Town People's Committee, shared that Sa Pa is currently facing many challenges in natural disaster prevention as well as in evacuating people from disaster areas. Of these, land fund and funding are the two biggest difficulties.
Specifically, the arrangement of land for people to move is difficult due to complex terrain and steep slopes. Many households are in danger but cannot arrange land themselves or the relocation location is not suitable for land use planning, while the commune and ward do not have land funds to arrange, leading to people being unable to move.
Most households in dangerous areas are poor or near-poor, so moving their houses is difficult due to lack of materials, labor, and land.
The people's custom of considering age when building a house and often building a house during the off-season (October - January of the following year) causes many difficulties in moving.
After each prolonged heavy rain, households in dangerous areas need to be relocated, making it difficult to proactively arrange residents to avoid the risk of landslides. Some households are still subjective, so even though their households are at risk of landslides and flash floods, they do not move.
In addition, human and financial resources are limited and do not meet practical requirements. Officers working in disaster prevention and search and rescue at district, town, commune and ward levels are part-time and have not undergone professional training; experience is limited and they are often rotated; the work of general consultation, damage assessment and damage recovery plans is still limited.
Proactive migration to reduce damage
Due to the complex terrain and frequent flash floods that affect people's lives, evacuating people from disaster areas is one of the key tasks that the Party Committees and authorities of Sa Pa town pay special attention to.
According to the report, in 2021, the total number of households that have relocated and stabilized in place: 76 households, reaching 66% of the plan. Of which, 13 households were relocated; 63 households were stabilized in place; support for relocation was 20 million VND/household; support for stabilization in place was 10 million VND/household.
In 2022, the total number of households that have been relocated and stabilized on-site is 22/43 households, reaching 53% of the plan. The total implementation cost is 322,000,000 VND/485,000,000 VND. In 2023, the plan is 33 households, of which the number of households according to the population arrangement project index for the period 2022 - 2025 is 14 households; The number of additional households after the review is 19 households. The form of population arrangement and concentrated relocation is 11 households, and the number of mixed relocation is 22 households.
In the coming time, to effectively prevent natural disasters and reorganize the population, Mr. To Ngoc Lien, Chairman of Sa Pa Town People's Committee, said that the town will organize propaganda and disseminate the implementation of the law on natural disaster prevention and control; Directives, Official Dispatches, and guiding documents on natural disaster prevention and control; organize propaganda and send disaster warning messages to raise public awareness of natural disasters and prevention measures.
The key task is for communes and wards to regularly check households in landslide-prone areas; immediately arrange for households in landslide-prone areas to leave landslide-prone areas. At the same time, regularly organize inspections of preparations for implementing flood and storm prevention and control plans and search and rescue before the rainy and stormy season.
In particular, the town will arrange land funds for households in landslide-prone areas to relocate; adjust annual land use plans for annual crop land and unused land near concentrated residential areas to facilitate people to arrange their own relocation locations.
And to make the work of natural disaster prevention and population arrangement more practical, Sa Pa hopes that Lao Cai province will allocate funds to overcome infrastructure damage. The town also proposes that Lao Cai Provincial People's Committee continue to build and complete the early warning system for landslides, flash floods, and flash floods to proactively prevent and combat storms and floods in the town; provide funding to support the implementation of concentrated relocation and intermingling for households in areas at risk of landslides; and supplement support mechanisms for households whose houses have been damaged by natural disasters to stabilize on the spot.
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