Results of research on grape cultivation techniques and pest control

In recent years, in addition to selecting and creating new grape varieties with potential for productivity and quality, the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) has advised the Provincial People's Committee to approve topics and projects on research on cultivation techniques and pest control for grapes. The results of research activities have promoted the development of grape growing in our province to new heights.

In 1997, the research topic "Integrated IPM on grapes" was implemented by the Plant Protection Department (now the Department of Cultivation and Plant Protection) and successfully developed integrated pest management measures for grapes. Following the achieved results, the task of researching and controlling pests and diseases on grapes has received increasing attention. With the aim of cultivating grapes in a sustainable manner, in 2001, the topic "Application of biological organic fertilizers to improve productivity, quality and economic efficiency on grapes in Ninh Thuan" was approved for implementation and applied to production with an area of 4 hectares in Phuoc Thuan commune (Ninh Phuoc). Biological organic fertilizers and biological preparations have actively supported pest prevention, helping grapes to be healthier and improving the quality of grapes.

During the period from 2003 to 2006, the results of two projects: “Research on some measures to manage grape anthracnose disease towards safe grape production” and “Research on developing a process to prevent and control grape thrips towards safe grape production in Ninh Thuan” have developed processes to prevent and control grape anthracnose disease and processes to prevent and control grape thrips. These results were used by the Department of Agriculture to include in the grape cultivation technical process applied throughout the province.

Farmers in Ninh Phuoc district take care of grapevines. Photo: Phan Binh

Among the products of the project "Building a model for applying technical advances in grape growing for economic efficiency in Ninh Thuan" under the program "Building a model for applying science and technology to serve the socio-economic development of rural and mountainous areas in the period of 1998-2002" is the NH01-48 grape growing technical process in a safe direction that is widely applied in production. After 5 years of implementing the process, to evaluate the suitability of the technical process with the grape production situation in the province, and at the same time propose additional research directions and complete the process, in 2009, the Department of Science and Technology signed a scientific research contract with the Ninh Thuan Agricultural Extension Center to carry out the topic "Evaluating the implementation of the NH01-48 grape growing process in a safe direction and proposing solutions to complete the process". The topic investigated and counted the area, grape variety structure and development trends of grape varieties; Evaluate the application of the NH01-48 grape growing technical process in the province's grape growing areas; identify some difficulties of farmers and the level of farmers' understanding of safe products. These are scientific and practical bases for competent authorities to plan research orientation and complete the process.

Also in 2009, the Center for Plant and Animal Breeding (now the Center for Plant, Animal and Aquatic Breeding Services) completed the research and technical process of growing wine grapes. Through research on planting density, fertilization regime, and pruning season, the project has completed the process of planting and caring for wine grapes with a suitable density of 2,500 plants/ha.

Implementing Decision No. 176/QD-TTg dated January 29, 2011 of the Prime Minister on approving the Project on developing high-tech agriculture (CNC) by 2020, in 2017, the Department of Science and Technology advised the Provincial People's Committee to approve the implementation of the project: "Research on CNC grape production in Ninh Thuan" with the synchronous application of improved grape trellis techniques, water-saving irrigation combined with new generation fertilizer for grapes grown in greenhouses. As a result, the NH01-48 grape variety grown in greenhouses achieved a yield of 35.4 tons/ha/2 crops, an increase of 32.6% compared to traditional production. After deducting costs, the profit from the greenhouse production model reached nearly 1.6 billion VND/ha/2 crops, 1 billion VND higher than traditional production.

After many years of implementing topics and projects, the majority of farmers have had direct access to scientific knowledge and technical advances through participating in topic implementation, applying models, attending training courses and seminars. Farmers have known how to arrange appropriate planting density for each variety, prune branches at the right time, supplement organic fertilizers to gradually replace chemical fertilizers, use biological pesticides, lime grapevines, and prune fruit. Currently, the application of CNC in grape production is increasingly widespread.

The timely application of technical advances in grape cultivation has brought about certain results, increasing both the quantity and quality of grape products. Currently, the area of grapes applying CNC in Ninh Thuan is more than 3 hectares, the production level has been significantly improved, and the level of farmers' readiness to accept scientific and technical advances is also very high.

Mr. Tung

Source link