According to forecasts, severe cold may continue in the coming days, affecting crop growth. In this situation, the agricultural sector, localities and farmers are focusing on implementing solutions to protect winter-spring crops, minimizing damage caused by cold rain.
Farmers go to the fields to prune and trim in time to encourage rice to tiller early and concentrate - Photo: LA
At this time, many farmers in localities in the province are focusing on going to the fields to protect rice from the cold. Mr. Nguyen Van Thanh in Hai Duong commune, Hai Lang district said that this winter-spring crop, his family has sown more than 0.5 hectares of rice. Currently, the rice plants are in the tillering stage. Despite the unfavorable weather, cold rain, and low temperatures, in recent days, he has regularly visited the fields, adjusting the water level in the fields by 2-3 cm to keep the rice plants warm.
According to Mr. Thanh's experience, when the rice plants are still weak, when there is a severe cold spell, farmers need to maintain a layer of water on the surface of the field to both keep warm and help the rice grow. If the weather continues to be cold, they can spray growth stimulants to increase resistance, fight the cold and help the rice plants take root. Do not apply nitrogen fertilizer or pesticides to the rice at this time. When the weather warms up again, it is necessary to add more water to the field, apply fertilizer and combine with weeding, creating conditions for the root system to develop and the rice plants to grow well and tiller strongly.
Head of the Plant Cultivation and Plant Protection Station (TT&BVTV) of Hai Lang district, Thai Thi Kim Tuyen, said that this winter-spring crop, the whole district has planted more than 6,800 hectares of rice. Currently, the rice plants are mainly in the seedling stage - starting to tiller. However, due to the influence of cold air, since January 22, the district has had rain and severe cold, causing flooding in many low-lying rice areas. In the coming time, the cold weather will continue, with severe cold and rain, which will adversely affect the growth of crops, especially some areas of rice that have just been sown for 3-5 days, which are at risk of being severely affected.
To proactively respond and minimize damage caused by early cold rains and ensure crop growth, the Plant Protection Station has instructed cooperatives and localities to promptly implement measures to drain water, increase ditch dredging to quickly drain water from rice fields, especially newly sown rice fields and rice seedlings, promptly regulate sluices and open sluices, maximize the capacity of electric pumping stations, and increase the number of individual pumps (oil pumps) to drain water as quickly as possible. When the weather is cold and rainy, absolutely do not apply nitrogen fertilizers and mixed fertilizers containing nitrogen such as NPK, NK, foliar fertilizers, growth stimulants; do not spray herbicides when the temperature is below 18 degrees Celsius.
Take advantage of composted organic fertilizers, wood ash... mixed with phosphate fertilizer in the amount of 8 - 10 kg/sao and sprinkle evenly on the field to keep warm and increase nutrients for rice plants. For rice fields with 3 leaves or more, maintain a water level of 1 - 2 cm in the field, do not let the field dry out or let the water level be too deep. After the end of the severe cold spell, when the weather is warm and sunny again, apply fertilizer to the tillering rice, combine with pruning, weeding, to help the rice field recover and develop.
For vegetables and beans of all kinds, it is necessary to make beds and create drainage ditches to drain water from the fields. Do not plant vegetables when the weather is still very cold, below 16 degrees Celsius. Fertilize with decomposed manure, organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer combined with mulch, straw, etc. to keep the plants warm and moist. For leafy vegetables, you can cover them with white nylon in conditions of prolonged cold and rain.
In addition, it is necessary to regularly visit the fields to promptly detect the effects of unfavorable weather and harmful pests. Pay attention to early-season pests such as rats, golden apple snails, white-backed planthoppers, thrips, leaf blast, physiological yellowing disease... and apply timely and effective preventive measures.
According to statistics from the Department of Plant Protection, up to now, the whole province has cultivated about 25,600 hectares of rice, planted about 2,000 hectares of corn, 1,700 hectares of peanuts, 7,000 hectares of cassava. In addition, there are tens of thousands of hectares of long-term industrial crops such as coffee, rubber, pepper, fruit trees... growing fruit, differentiating flower buds, blooming flowers, and growing new leaves.
Head of the Plant Protection Sub-Department Bui Phuoc Trang informed that this is a cold spell with low and prolonged temperatures coinciding with the growing period of crops. The most worrying thing is the newly sown rice areas that have not yet taken root for 3-5 days; flowers and fruits on industrial crops and fruit trees are falling off.
Mr. Trang noted that for rice plants, farmers need to maintain a water level of about 2/3 of the rice stalks to keep the plants warm. Do not apply nitrogen fertilizer in cold weather, but add ash or potassium to increase the cold resistance of rice. Do not use herbicides to spray rice plants in cold and rainy weather conditions, temperatures below 18 degrees Celsius will affect growth and may kill rice. Prepare equipment (pumps with enough capacity...) to promptly flood low-lying fields when heavy rain causes flooding, to avoid prolonged flooding of rice plants.
Rice fields that are cold, grow slowly, and rice fields that are sown late (after January 25) need to be cared for and foliar fertilizers such as Atonic, superphosphate, Potassium Humate... should be sprayed to help the rice plants recover quickly, tiller strongly, concentrate, and shorten the growing period.
In addition, it is necessary to focus on caring for and implementing cold-resistant solutions for fruit trees and vegetables. In addition to increasing the use of wood ash and organic fertilizers to increase cold resistance, in the early morning, if there is frost, farmers should use water sprays to wash the leaves to avoid leaf burn. Areas that are ready for harvest should be harvested early to avoid damage.
In addition, it is necessary to proactively prepare a plan to prevent flooding when heavy rain occurs. When the weather is clear and warm, it is necessary to take care of and prune to ensure density, apply fertilizer early, and balance NPK for the rice area according to the correct process to help the rice grow well from the beginning of the season, increasing its resistance to pests and adverse external conditions.
Le An
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