Privacy must be ensured
Accordingly, the Ministry of Public Security plans to identify house and apartment numbers to determine how many real estates each person owns. C06 will identify each person's real estate, thereby helping to clarify how many real estates the property owner owns (home address, apartment number), creating a real estate identification network associated with each citizen, for other intermediary units to exploit and use.
Real estate identification is expected to help make this market transparent.
Chairman of the Ho Chi Minh City Real Estate Association (HoREA) Le Hoang Chau commented that the real estate market is not transparent because the national big data has not been fully built and the data has not been connected between sectors. To implement this data, it is necessary to complete Project 06 (building national big data) that the Ministry of Public Security is working on. In Project 06, information about the real estate market is only a part. This project is part of the general direction of the Government to ensure that there are databases of an individual in all fields. When integrating all personal information into Project 06, each individual will only have one personal identification number. If in the past, each individual used many types of documents to be able to buy many real estates in many places, no one knew, now it is all under one "source".
According to Mr. Chau, at that time, just by looking up the personal identification code, all assets will appear, including how many properties that individual owns, which houses are being lived in, rented out or abandoned. Thus, the tax industry will control using big data to tax each type of real estate. This is to make the market transparent and help the state manage effectively.
Mr. Chau said that the signing between the Ministry of Public Security and the Vietnam Post Corporation is just a part, a first step. When there is big data, the state will know all real estate transactions of the people. This also contributes to limiting money laundering and corruption. "When improving state management but ensuring people's privacy, personal information will not be bought and sold, leaked out for bad guys to take advantage of and commit fraud," Mr. Chau said.
Sharing the same view, Mr. Nguyen Tien Dung, former lecturer of real estate at the University of Finance - Marketing, said that if this project is successfully implemented, it will help to make the real estate market transparent. Especially, it will prevent tax loss and limit corruption through the quantity and origin of real estate assets of each individual. Later, it is possible to use the second real estate tax tool to regulate the real estate market, limit speculation, price fever and waste of land resources as it is now... Individuals who buy and sell real estate can access and retrieve information about the origin of real estate easily and accurately to limit risks when transacting...
However, according to Mr. Dung, to do this requires a combination of many factors, determination and time. Especially in the process, it is necessary to avoid inconvenience to people when declaring and providing documents and must ensure information security. The important thing is still the uniformity and synchronization of data nationwide and who is the main responsible agency for this, as well as the coordination between industry management agencies and the Ministry of Public Security in the process of creating data, declaring and managing the use of data later.
Lessons from Singapore
According to lawyer Tran Manh Cuong (Ho Chi Minh City Bar Association), the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment and the Ministry of Construction are two state management agencies in charge of building data on house numbers and housing, with the goal of specifically numbering each house, apartment or plot of land according to a unified rule. From that rule, the Ministry of Public Security collects a database of house numbers, combined with information collected from People's Committees at all levels, on the principle of standardizing data to identify real estate.
Lawyer Tran Manh Cuong (Ho Chi Minh City Bar Association)
"Actually, this should have been done a long time ago to help make the market transparent from individuals to organizations. In the future, it will be easier to tax second homes. Currently, each real estate has location coordinates, house numbers, and plot numbers. So an agency like the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment only needs to compile and build a national database, and all citizens have access to it to some extent. This is the basis for determining and differentiating people's home ownership, contributing to creating housing equity for all people. Individuals who own many properties for the purpose of speculation and business profit should be taxed," said lawyer Cuong.
Responding to Thanh Nien from Singapore, Mr. Nguyen Tri Anh, an overseas Vietnamese living and working here, said that in this country, every individual has an identification account. This identification number is saved on the Singpass application, similar to the VNeID application of Vietnam. When accessing here, there will be full personal information such as: how many houses they own, where the house is located, how much the house transaction value is, when they were purchased. On this software, they also know clearly their marital status, how many children the family has. This application is also linked to a government database on real estate management. Both the government and individuals can access it to cross-check each other. When buying or renting a house, people can pay to access that system to see the history of the house before deciding to buy. Because all information is transparent and clear on the Singpass application, when buying and selling houses, people cannot notarize low declarations to evade taxes.
"The government also controls the cash flow. If they see a large amount of money "jumping" into an account that is suspicious, they will control it. Even when opening an account to deposit money, they must declare where the money came from and whether it is legal. So there is no such thing as using cash to buy and sell real estate. This helps control the real estate market to develop transparently and stably," Mr. Tri Anh shared.
There are many solutions?
From another perspective, lawyer Nguyen Dang Tu, TriLaw LLC, expressed concern that implementing real estate identification procedures would be difficult and very costly because real estate owners change constantly. A real estate has many co-owners such as real estate owned by a married couple, real estate owned by a household, organization, or foreign individual. There are also real estates in dispute and real estates whose owners have not been identified. If digitalization is implemented synchronously, a lot of human resources must be mobilized. In addition, it is also necessary to take into account that apartments and house numbers will change when they are separated, merged, or changed, at which point people will have to carry out additional procedures.
"Currently, there is personal identification, so in my opinion, to control corruption, limit money laundering and manage real estate to tax second-hand real estate and abandoned real estate as in the draft, we only need to base on data from the Department of Natural Resources and Environment and the Department of Construction, then integrate it into personal identification data to manage without having to identify each real estate," lawyer Nguyen Dang Tu proposed.
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