A series of reservoirs were built decades ago.
Nghia Dan district currently has many seriously degraded and damaged reservoirs, with a high risk of dam failure. For example, Cay Ba reservoir in Trung Yen hamlet, Nghia My commune (Nghia Dan), with a capacity of about 0.7 million m3 of water, was built before the 1980s, the dam body is mainly made of soil (manually built), through observation, it can be seen that many upstream slopes have collapsed and cracked, causing water leakage.
In particular, the spillway has been severely damaged, with large sections of concrete peeling off and collapsing. The water intake culvert of Cay Ba reservoir is also damaged, and the culvert operator has to walk precariously on a small log above, which can easily lead to falling into the reservoir, endangering their lives.
Mr. Nguyen Minh in Nghia My commune worriedly said: "During the rainy season, the water level of Cay Ba reservoir rises, we, the people living at the foot of the dam, are afraid and have to consider plans to evacuate people and property". It is known that during the rainy season, the dam body is weak, so this reservoir directly threatens the lives of hundreds of households living close to the foot of the dam.
Mr. Nguyen Thanh Tu - Chairman of Nghia My Commune People's Committee said: Nghia My Commune has 8 reservoirs, irrigating over 300 hectares of rice and crops, all of which were built before 1980. After many years of exploitation, most of these reservoirs have degraded. Such as Cay Ba, Khe Vinh, Eo Trum, Nuoc Gio reservoirs... are all in a state of downstream landslides, weak foundation and dam body, eroded spillways, damaged sluice gates, making it difficult to operate and regulate water.
According to the report of the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development of Nghia Dan district, the district currently has over 170 large and small lakes and dams, most of which are mainly managed by communes; Most of the above reservoirs were built manually from the 1980s to the 1990s, after many years of use, affected by natural disasters, and lacking funds for maintenance, so up to now, the risk of insecurity is high.
Before the flood season, Nghia Dan district inspected, reviewed and directed communes to proactively implement "4 on-site" measures at weak reservoirs, especially planning to relocate households affected by weak reservoirs to safe places.
Also in the above situation, currently, Tan Ky district has many degraded and severely damaged reservoirs. For example, Mai Tan reservoir in Nghia Hoan commune, Tan Ky district, has a capacity of about 0.9 million m3 , providing irrigation water for nearly 100 hectares of rice. The dam was built in the 1980s, the dam body was mainly built manually, the embankment appeared many subsidence points and frog-like gaps, in the rainy season, the risk of dam failure threatens 800 households downstream of Tien Thanh, Dong Tam, Mai Tan, Xuan Son hamlets.
The representative of Nghia Hoan Commune People's Committee added: The commune has 3 reservoirs, including Ru Mo Lake, Mai Tan Lake, and Tran Lake, all of which are degraded and damaged. Of which, Mai Tan Lake was recently handed over to Tan Ky Irrigation Company Limited. Currently, the province is prioritizing capital allocation to upgrade this reservoir.
Tan Ky district has 110 large and small reservoirs. The current difficulty is that most of the reservoirs managed by the locality are old. Some of them have unsafe leakage during the rainy season, such as Khe La reservoir in Phu Son commune with a capacity of 2.5 million m3, which has local seepage along the dam body. In 2022, the province supported Tan Ky Irrigation Company Limited with 500 million VND, and grouted over 150/275 meters of the dam body to prevent seepage.
Khe Than Reservoir in Nghia Binh Commune is leaking water in many locations on the dam body with a length of 200 meters. Currently, the province is allocating over 700 million VND to drill and grout the leaking points. However, this is only a temporary solution.
Through research, it is known that in addition to the reservoirs managed by localities, the safe operation of reservoirs and dams still has many limitations, especially the reservoirs and dams currently do not have archived records, lack of reservoir parameters; reservoir management staff do not have professional qualifications and have to take on many tasks, so the implementation of the contents according to Decree 114/2018/ND - CP on the safety management of dams and reservoirs is not complete.
In addition, the facilities, management equipment, monitoring, communication, supplies and materials on site to prepare for the rescue of reservoirs managed by the locality are not guaranteed...
Focus on upgrading reservoirs
By integrating programs and projects, Nghe An is currently focusing on upgrading many weak reservoirs. For example, Yen Thanh district is upgrading 3 reservoirs worth over 45 billion VND; Con Con reservoir in Bao Thanh commune was invested in construction with over 17 billion VND, currently over 80% of the volume has been constructed, the dam bank has been completed with a length of over 300 meters, the downstream and upstream stone paving has been completed, the sluice and operation house have been completed.
Other reservoirs, such as Khe Cay reservoir in Kim Thanh commune and Ly Thanh reservoir, have completed flood control works and are expected to be put into use by the end of 2023. Yen Thanh district has over 200 large and small reservoirs, many of which are old. According to the plan in the coming time, Yen Thanh district will continue to review and integrate capital sources from programs, projects and State capital to upgrade other weak reservoirs, including Ban Vang and Nhan Tien dams in Tien Thanh commune, which were broken during the 2022 flood season.
At the same time, Nghia Dan district is upgrading weak reservoirs. A representative of Phu Quy Irrigation Company Limited said: The unit manages 19 large and small reservoirs. In 2023, with the province's attention, the unit is upgrading 2 weak reservoirs, including Dong Diec reservoir in Nghia Loc commune worth 9 billion VND and Lo Than reservoir in Nghia Long commune worth 3.5 billion VND. Up to now, these reservoirs have reached over 60% of the volume, in particular, the flood control works have been basically completed. According to the plan, they will be completed and put into use by the end of 2023.
In addition, Do Luong, Nghi Loc, Quynh Luu and Dien Chau districts are upgrading weak reservoirs.
According to information from the Nghe An Irrigation Department, Nghe An is a province with a fairly large system of lakes and dams, nearly 1,061 reservoirs, of which there are 55 large lakes and dams; 220 medium-sized dams and 786 small dams. Currently, nearly 400 lakes have been upgraded and repaired, while over 700 lakes have not been repaired or upgraded. Reservoirs not only serve agricultural production, but also play an important, long-term strategic role in ensuring irrigation, drainage, and flood control in downstream areas...
However, at present, most of the reservoir projects managed by the locality have been built for many years, so they are not synchronized from the source to the canal system. The budget for regular maintenance and repair of these projects is still limited, so the repairs are not synchronized, and many project items are damaged and degraded.
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