Recently, a case of blood type P - rarer than "dinosaur blood" or "panda blood" - was discovered in Jiangsu province, eastern China.
The Rhesus (Rh) negative blood type, commonly known as "panda blood", accounts for about 0.4% of the Chinese population; the para-bombay phenotype blood type, known as "dinosaur blood", accounts for about 1/10,000 to 1/100,000; while the number of cases of blood type P is so rare that it only occurs in 1/1,000,000.
Before the case in Jiangsu, China had only 9 recorded cases of blood type P.
The data show that in the P blood group system there are five common phenotypes: P1, P2, P1k, P2k and P.
In the newly discovered case of blood type P, Chinese experts confirmed that the nucleotide sequence in this case has not yet been found in any other case of blood type P in the world.
Doctor Cao Guoping of Taixing People's Hospital, Jiangsu Province, said that the newly discovered rare blood case has great clinical value.
According to the UK National Health Service (NHS), each blood group possesses a unique mixture of sugars and proteins called antigens, present on the surface of red blood cells.
With over 600 antigens, there is considerable potential for blood type diversity between individuals. The NHS report notes that if an individual's blood contains uncommon antigens or lacks common antigens, that individual may have a rare blood type.
Previously, in 2022, China also discovered two women with the rarest blood type in the world.
According to Global Times , Taizhou Jiangsu Hospital (Jiangsu, China) discovered Rh-null blood type in a female patient with severe anemia when testing her blood type and antibodies. The patient's sister was later found to have the same blood type.
Rh-null is known as the "golden blood" group and is more valuable than Rh-negative blood.
People with Rh-null blood do not have the Rh antigen on their red blood cells, so they can donate blood to people with any other blood type without having a rejection reaction. But at the same time, having such an extremely rare blood type can make it difficult or even impossible for them to receive blood transfusions or organ transplants from other people.
Because of this scarcity, “golden blood” is usually only donated in the most extreme cases, because people with this blood type cannot receive any blood type except Rh-null blood. This means that people with Rh-null blood type have a much higher risk of dying from blood loss than normal people.
The first person in the world discovered to have Rh-null blood type was an Australian woman in 1961. To date, the world has recorded nearly 50 people with this blood type, and 4 of them are in China.
Minh Hoa (reported by Lao Dong, Dan Tri)
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