(CPV) – The autumn of August 1945 has entered the glorious history of the Vietnamese people as a brilliant milestone, opening a new era for the country: the era of independence, freedom and socialism.
In early 1945, World War II entered its final phase. The Soviet Red Army won consecutive decisive victories on the European battlefield, liberating a series of countries and advancing straight into the Nazi German lair in Berlin. On May 9, 1945, Nazi Germany surrendered unconditionally, ending the war in Europe. On August 8, 1945, the Soviet Red Army launched a stormy attack on the Japanese army. On August 14, 1945, Japanese fascists surrendered unconditionally, ending World War II. According to the agreement of the Allies, after the Japanese fascists surrendered, the British and Chiang Kai-shek armies would enter Indochina to disarm the Japanese army. Meanwhile, the French colonialists were eager to rely on the Allies to restore their dominant position; the American imperialists behind these forces were also ready to intervene in Indochina; Reactionary, stubborn elements in the Japanese puppet government are plotting to replace the master and oppose the revolution.
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Nguyen Ai Quoc's letter to the people of the whole country was transmitted everywhere.
before the August Revolution (1945). (Photo courtesy)
In the country, after the rehearsals, by 1945, the revolutionary movement had risen. On March 9, 1945, the Japanese fascists staged a coup to oust the French. That very night, the Central Committee's expanded meeting decided to launch a revolutionary climax as a premise for a general uprising, changing the forms of propaganda, agitation, organization and struggle appropriately. In March 1945, the Party Central Committee issued the Directive "Japan and France are fighting each other and our actions". In April 1945, the Central Committee convened the Northern Military Revolutionary Conference, decided on many important issues, and unified the armed forces into the Vietnam Liberation Army. On April 16, 1945, the Viet Minh General Department issued a Directive to organize the National Liberation Committees at all levels and prepare to establish the Vietnam National Liberation Committee, that is, the Provisional Revolutionary Government of Vietnam.
From April 1945 onwards, the anti-Japanese movement to save the country took place strongly, rich in content and form. In early May 1945, Uncle Ho returned from Cao Bang to Tuyen Quang, choosing Tan Trao as the base to direct the revolution of the whole country and prepare for the National Congress. On June 4, 1945, the Viet Bac Liberated Zone was established, under the leadership of the Provisional Command Committee, becoming the base of the whole country.
In August 1945, the Party convened a National Conference (from August 13 to 15, 1945) in Tan Trao (Tuyen Quang), determined that the opportunity had come, and decided to launch a general uprising to seize power throughout the country before the Allied forces entered. The Conference decided to establish a National Uprising Committee to promptly direct and unify the uprising movements in localities. At 11:00 p.m. on August 13, 1945, the Uprising Committee issued Military Order No. 1 calling on the entire people to launch a general uprising.
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On August 16, 1945, the National Congress held in Tan Trao approved the "10 major policies of the Viet Minh"; approved the "General Uprising Order"; stipulated the national flag and national anthem; established the Central National Liberation Committee, namely the Provisional Government with comrade Ho Chi Minh as Chairman. In the photo: Tan Trao Communal House, Son Duong District (Tuyen Quang), where the National Congress convened by the Viet Minh took place on August 16, 1945. Photo: VNA
On August 16, 1945, the National Congress held in Tan Trao approved the "10 major policies of the Viet Minh"; approved the "General Uprising Order"; stipulated the national flag and national anthem; established the Central National Liberation Committee, that is, the Provisional Government with comrade Ho Chi Minh as President. President Ho Chi Minh sent a letter calling on the people of the whole country to revolt, stating: "The decisive hour for the destiny of our nation has come. The whole country, let's stand up and use our own strength to liberate ourselves."
Under the leadership of the Party and President Ho Chi Minh, the people of the whole country rose up, carried out a general uprising, and seized power. From August 14 to 18, 1945, the general uprising broke out and won victory in the rural areas of the Northern Delta, most of the Central region, part of the South and in the towns of Bac Giang, Hai Duong, Ha Tinh, Hoi An, Quang Nam, etc.
On the morning of August 19, 1945, following the call of the Viet Minh, the whole of Hanoi rose up under the forest of red flags with yellow stars and took to the streets straight to the center of the City Theater to attend the rally. After the flag salute and the Tien Quan Ca song, the representative of the Revolutionary Military Committee read the call of the Viet Minh. The rally turned into an armed demonstration to occupy the Imperial Commissioner's Palace, the security barracks and the facilities of the puppet government. The uprising of the people of the capital was completely victorious.
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General uprising rally at Hanoi Opera House Square (Photo: Archive)
From Hanoi, the revolutionary wave spread everywhere, the whole country rose up to fight for power and won consecutive victories. On August 23, the uprising was victorious in Hue and in Bac Kan, Hoa Binh, Hai Phong, Ha Dong, Quang Binh, Quang Tri, Binh Dinh, Gia Lai, Bac Lieu... On August 25, the uprising was victorious in Saigon - Gia Dinh, Kon Tum, Soc Trang, Vinh Long, Tra Vinh, Bien Hoa, Tay Ninh, Ben Tre... In Con Dao, the Con Dao prison Party Committee led the imprisoned revolutionary soldiers to rise up and seize power.
The earth-shattering uprising power of millions of people created an overwhelming advantage, dealt a decisive blow to all the puppet government's headquarters, paralyzed all resistance of hostile forces, leaving them unable to react. The August Revolution's general uprising to seize power was a great success throughout the country on August 28, 1945. On August 30, 1945, Bao Dai - the last king of the Nguyen Dynasty announced his abdication, handing over the golden seal and jewel-encrusted sword to the Viet Minh representative. For the first time in the history of the Vietnamese nation, the entire country's power belonged to the people.
On September 2, 1945, at the historic Ba Dinh Square, in front of hundreds of thousands of compatriots, on behalf of the provisional government, President Ho Chi Minh solemnly read the Declaration of Independence, announcing to the entire nation and the world the birth of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. He emphasized: “Vietnam has the right to enjoy freedom and independence, and in fact has become a free and independent country. The entire Vietnamese people are determined to devote all their spirit and strength, their lives and property to maintain that freedom and independence!”
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The stage where President Ho Chi Minh read the Declaration of Independence at Ba Dinh Square, Hanoi, September 2, 1945. (Photo: Archive)
The August Revolution was a great event in the history of the nation, marking a great leap forward for the Vietnamese Revolution. With the victory of the August Revolution in 1945, the Vietnamese people broke the more than 80 years of slavery of colonialism in our country, ended the existence of the autocratic monarchy, and established the Democratic Republic of Vietnam - a state ruled by the working people. Our country went from a colony to an independent, democratic country, our Party went from an illegal Party to a Party in power, bringing our nation to the ranks of pioneering nations in the world.
Under the leadership of the Party and the genius Ho Chi Minh, the Vietnamese people have entered the ranks of the world's pioneering nations fighting for peace, independence, democracy and social progress. The Vietnamese people are one of the pioneering nations in the battle to eliminate colonialism in the world. The August Revolution affirmed its great international stature, contributing to encouraging colonial and dependent nations in the world to rise up and liberate their nations from oppression and exploitation.
The victory of the August Revolution and the birth of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, now the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, is one of the most outstanding and greatest victories of the Vietnamese Revolution in the 20th century. That victory is closely linked to the wise and talented leadership of the Party and President Ho Chi Minh - the genius leader of the Party and our nation. The autumn of August 1945 has entered the glorious history of the Vietnamese nation as a brilliant milestone, opening a new page of history, the most heroic page in the history of thousands of years of building and defending the country./.
dangcongsan.vn
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