Reduce the burden on candidates and society
Today (November 29), the Minister of Education and Training approved the high school graduation exam plan from 2025, including 4 subjects.
Specifically, candidates must take compulsory exams in literature , mathematics and 2 elective subjects from the remaining subjects studied in grade 12 ( foreign language , history , physics , chemistry , biology, geography , economic and legal education, information technology, technology). Literature is tested in essay form; the remaining subjects are tested in multiple choice form.
This option is considered to contribute to reducing exam pressure for students , reducing costs for students ' families and society; at the same time, it does not cause an imbalance between choosing social sciences more than natural sciences as is currently the case.
Previously, during the process of the Ministry of Education and Training developing and soliciting opinions on the high school graduation exam plan from 2025, many experts, teachers and students agreed with the plan to take 2 compulsory subjects and 2 optional subjects.
Candidates taking the 2023 high school graduation exam
Back to the number of subjects tested more than 40 years ago
After 1975, in the South, the 12-year education system was implemented, and high school (high school) was divided into classes. Accordingly, students could choose one of the following 4 classes : class A ( literature - history - geography ), class B ( literature - foreign language ), class C ( math - physics ), class D ( chemistry - biology ). Students in all classes studied all subjects, but the knowledge content and study time for each subject were different, depending on the class .
The high school graduation exam has 4 subjects according to each group : group A (4 subjects: math , literature , history , geography ); group B ( math , literature , foreign language , history ), group C ( math , literature , physics , chemistry ), group D ( math , literature , chemistry , biology ). All groups take the two subjects of math and literature , but the level of difficulty of the exam questions varies depending on the group .
The 4-subject graduation exam in the South as above was carried out in the period 1976 - 1980. After the high school graduation exam, candidates will take the university entrance exam according to 3 groups: A ( math , physics , chemistry ), B ( math , chemistry , biology ), C ( literature , history , geography ).
Candidates taking the C block exam account for a low percentage, because the occupations related to this block are less than the other blocks. However, society is not concerned about the fact that students rarely take the history exam, because schools are responsible for nurturing patriotism in students during the learning process, training with many different subjects and through social activities, Youth Union activities. Students are taught history at all three levels: primary, secondary and high school.
From 2025, students following the 2018 General Education Program will only take 4 subjects in the high school graduation exam.
The notable point in organizing the high school graduation exam at this stage is that the exam is invigilated and graded very seriously, there is no extra teaching or learning, the school only conducts exam review sessions for students in a few sessions.
By grade 12, students have known in advance and are more focused on preparing for high school graduation exams and university entrance exams (if they register for the exams). The graduation exams and university entrance exams are all essay-based, with math , physics , chemistry , and biology subjects, in addition to the theory part, there is also a math problem solving part.
The limitation in the 4-subject high school graduation exam in the period 1976 - 1980 was that the exam was in essay format, focusing on testing knowledge, so students often had to memorize, sometimes had to memorize 12th grade textbooks, using the "reciting" method.
Some students in group C ( math , literature , physics , chemistry ) take the university entrance exam in group B ( math , chemistry , biology ), and on the contrary, there are students in group D ( math , literature , chemistry , biology ) but take the university entrance exam in group A ( math , physics , chemistry ), because they chose the wrong group .
The 2025 4-subject exam has many new points compared to 40 years ago.
The high school graduation exam from 2025 according to the 2018 General Education Program will also have 4 subjects. Thus, the number of subjects and the fact that students know in advance which subjects they will take is completely similar to the high school graduation exam more than 40 years ago. However, the 4-subject exam in 2025 has many new points (there are 36 ways to choose subjects, instead of 4 combinations as before) and the requirements to achieve are qualities and abilities, not knowledge and skills as before. Therefore, it is necessary to change synchronously in career education, teaching and learning perspectives, and university admissions to a new level.
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