Participating in the workshop "Labor and employment strategy in Ho Chi Minh City for the period 2023 - 2025 and vision to 2030", Dr. Doan Nguyen Thuy Trang (Ho Chi Minh City Academy of Officials) contributed a discussion on the current labor situation in Ho Chi Minh City compared to the period before the Covid-19 pandemic.
In her speech, Dr. Thuy Trang pointed out a noteworthy fact in the labor market in recent years, which is that skilled workers currently have the lowest unemployment rate among all groups.
The Covid-19 epidemic has had a strong impact on the labor market, with many people losing their jobs (Illustration: LT).
According to Dr. Thuy Trang, the Covid-19 pandemic has had a strong impact on the labor market and employment in Ho Chi Minh City. The most obvious impact is shown through the reduction of working hours, salary/income, work stoppage, job loss, etc.
According to the Ho Chi Minh City Statistics Office, in the past 5 years, the number of employed workers aged 15 and over in the city has been over 4.5 million people each year, except for the peak year of the Covid-19 pandemic. In 2021, the number of employed workers aged 15 and over decreased to about 4.3 million people.
In 2022, the number of employed workers aged 15 and over will return to 4.5 million, an increase of nearly 200,000 compared to 2021. However, compared to 2019 (before the Covid-19 pandemic), the workforce is still 220,000 lower.
This shows the clear impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on labor, reflecting the slow recovery trend of the labor market.
In her speech, Dr. Thuy Trang cited the unemployment rate during the peak of the Covid-19 pandemic in Ho Chi Minh City (2021) as 6.4%, much higher than the period before the Covid-19 pandemic in 2019 (only at 2.8%).
2021 is also the year when the unemployment rate in Ho Chi Minh City is much higher than in Hanoi (6.4% compared to 2.68%).
In 2022, 146,285 people lost their jobs and received unemployment benefits, accounting for 3.25% of the total number of workers aged 15 and over in the city.
Overall, unemployment has fallen sharply since the peak of the pandemic but remains higher than before, indicating the long-term impact of the pandemic on the labor market.
Surprisingly, among the nearly 150,000 people who lost their jobs, 82,839 were unskilled workers without any certificates or degrees (accounting for 56.62%). There were 45,543 cases with university degrees or higher (accounting for 31.14%).
Meanwhile, 2,869 workers with primary vocational certificates lost their jobs (only 1.96%). 6,816 workers with intermediate vocational and professional secondary education (equivalent to 4.66%). 8,218 workers with college or professional education (5.62%).
Dr. Thuy Trang commented: "The above figures show that skilled workers have a low unemployment rate. Meanwhile, workers with university degrees or higher and unskilled workers have a very high unemployment rate. This is a point of concern about the city's labor and employment situation in 2022."
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