The article was professionally consulted by Dr. Vo Van Long, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City - Facility 3.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits without any physical damage to the digestive system.
Irritable bowel syndrome has no known cause, but it may be caused by a number of factors. Triggers include:
- Visceral hypersensitivity in the intestine.
- Gastrointestinal motility disorders.
- After intestinal inflammation or infection.
- After abdominal and pelvic surgery.
- Diet.
- Stress.
- Genetics.
Expression
- The signs and symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome vary from person to person and often resemble those of other illnesses.
- Common signs and symptoms are:
* Abdominal pain or cramps: The pain has no specific characteristics, no specific location, can be along the colon. The pain is worse after eating or sometimes before finishing eating. Pain when eating strange food, food that has been left for a long time or when stressed. Pain is reduced after defecation or bowel movements and often disappears at night.
* Feeling of bloating and flatulence.
* Diarrhea or constipation, sometimes alternating episodes of constipation and diarrhea.
* Feeling of incomplete bowel movement.
Diagnose
- Rome III criteria (2005): Abdominal pain or discomfort at least 3 days/month for 3 months, with onset at least 6 months ago, associated with two or more of the following symptoms:
* Improves after defecation.
* Onset associated with change in bowel frequency.
* Onset associated with change in stool form.
- Rome IV criteria (2016): Irritable bowel syndrome is a chronic bowel disorder characterized by recurrent abdominal pain occurring at least one day per week in the past 3 months, associated with two or more of the following symptoms:
* Related to defecation.
* Related to bowel frequency.
* Related to changes in stool shape.
Consequence- Diarrhea and constipation, both signs of irritable bowel syndrome, can make hemorrhoids worse if you already have them.
- Leads to malnutrition: when avoiding certain essential foods, the body will not be fully supplemented with nutrients.
- A reduction in your quality of life can be the most serious complication. This effect can make you feel that life is not fulfilling, leading to feelings of discouragement or depression.
Treatment
The cause of irritable bowel syndrome is unclear, so treatment will focus on reducing symptoms so that the patient can live a normal life.
- Modern medicine* Symptomatic treatment.
* Improve quality of life.
- Traditional medicine
* Medication: Use herbs to clear heat in the large intestine, moisten the intestines, and relieve constipation...
* No medication: Acupuncture (acupuncture, electroacupuncture, auricular acupuncture, thread implantation, laser acupuncture, hydroacupuncture), acupressure massage, health exercises.
Prevent
- Eat at fixed times during the day and do not skip meals.
- Add foods rich in fiber.
- Limit foods high in fat, oil, lactose intolerance, and spicy foods.
- Drink enough water.
- Avoid carbonated drinks and stimulants such as alcohol, beer, and coffee.
- Do not eat food that has been left out for a long time or has not been stored properly.
- Exercise regularly to improve health and relax the nerves.
- Avoid stress and excessive anxiety.
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