The remaining 42% belongs to private investors and BOT projects account for about 10%, imported power sources and other sources account for about 1%. In the 11% of electricity capacity that EVN is directly holding, it is mainly concentrated in important multi-purpose hydropower plants such as: Lai Chau, Son La, Hoa Binh , Tri An. The remaining 26% belongs to 3 power generation corporations (Genco 1, Genco 2 and Genco 3) under EVN. The Electricity Regulatory Authority also said that these companies are in the process of equitization, so EVN's holding ratio is gradually decreasing as more economic sectors participate.
Regarding private power sources, before 2012, private ownership was less than 10%, but now this rate is increasing rapidly, thanks to the boom of renewable energy after the Government 's incentive mechanism.
Regulatory structure divided by owner (source EVN)
Electricity Regulatory Authority
Currently, the power source structure is divided by source types in our country including: hydropower, coal-fired thermal power, gas-fired thermal power, oil-fired thermal power, renewable energy, imported sources and other sources. Of which, the two basic and most important sources of electricity are still thermal power and hydropower. By the end of 2022, coal-fired power capacity continues to account for the largest proportion, reaching 33% (25,820 MW); hydropower accounts for 28% (22,349 MW); renewable energy (excluding hydropower) accounts for 26% (20,670 MW); gas-fired power accounts for 11% (8,977 MW); the rest are other sources.
Regarding power mobilization, in the first 9 months of 2023, the total output of the entire system reached 209.9 billion kWh, an increase of 3.1% over the same period last year. Of which, the mobilization rate from coal-fired thermal power remained at the highest level with 97.2 billion kWh, accounting for 46.3%; hydropower was 58.05 billion kWh, accounting for 27.7%; renewable energy mobilized 29.13 billion kWh, accounting for 13.9% (of which solar power reached 20.45 billion kWh, wind power reached 8.01 billion kWh); gas turbines were 20.82 billion kWh, accounting for 9.9%; imported electricity reached 3.1 billion kWh, accounting for 1.5%; oil-fired thermal power mobilized 1.23 billion kWh, accounting for 0.6%.
Notably, according to the Electricity Regulatory Authority, the installed capacity of renewable energy sources ranks third in the system, reaching approximately 21,000 MW, but the mobilized electricity output only accounts for nearly 14% (9 months of 2023) of the total system output due to the specific factors of this power source.
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