Developing ecological and sustainable agriculture
In the 2024 Capital Law, agricultural and rural development is stipulated in Article 32; Article 42; Clause 2, Point e, Clause 1; Clause 5, Article 43.
This is new content compared to the 2012 Capital Law. Institutionalizing the tasks set out in Resolution No. 19-NQ/TW of the Party Central Committee on agriculture, farmers, and rural areas to 2030, with a vision to 2045 and Resolution No. 15-NQ/TW, the 2024 Capital Law stipulates the goals of agricultural and rural development as follows: "Developing the capital's agriculture in the direction of ecological and sustainable agriculture; focusing on the interaction between environmental, economic and social factors to preserve and promote cultural and historical values in agriculture and rural areas; preventing and combating natural disasters, protecting the environment and ecosystems, creating quality products, food safety, and high economic efficiency" (Clause 1, Article 32).
The 2024 Capital Law stipulates many specific policies to develop agriculture, rural areas, and farmers in the Capital. Specifically: The Law empowers the City People's Council to regulate the scope, subjects, content, and support levels higher than the prescribed levels or not yet prescribed in documents of superior state agencies.
The City People's Council stipulates the scope, subjects, contents, and levels of support higher than the prescribed levels or not yet prescribed in documents issued by state agencies for the following areas: varieties, technology transfer in seed production; technology for preserving and processing agricultural products; application of high technology in agricultural production; development of ecological agriculture, agriculture combined with tourism, experiential education; environmental protection activities in production, preliminary processing, and processing of agricultural products; development of linkage chains, value chains, product consumption markets; development of collective economy, craft villages, craft villages, and human resource training activities in the field of high-tech agriculture, innovative start-up enterprises in the field of agriculture and rural areas (Clause 2, Article 32).
This regulation aims to encourage the development of ecological agriculture, modern countryside, civilized farmers, strong application of high technology and advanced, modern management technology in agricultural production, while preserving and promoting rural identity, cultural traditions and craft villages; focusing on developing and improving the quality of human resources in the agricultural sector, in which farmers are the subject, the center of the process of agricultural development, rural economy and new rural construction.
The Law on strong decentralization for the City stipulates specific measures on agricultural land use. In particular, multi-purpose land use in concentrated agricultural production areas: In concentrated agricultural production areas, agricultural land is allocated for use in the construction of works directly serving agricultural production, processing, preservation, display, product introduction, experiential education, and eco-tourism (Clause 1, Article 32).
The Law assigns the City People's Council to regulate the conditions, order, and procedures for granting construction permits, types of works, and the proportion of agricultural land area used to construct works on agricultural land directly serving agricultural production, processing, preservation, display, product introduction, tourist landscapes, and experiential education in concentrated agricultural production areas (Point b, Clause 3, Article 32); the City People's Committee has the authority to decide on granting construction permits for works to directly serve agricultural production in concentrated agricultural production areas (Clause 4, Article 32).
This regulation aims to remove difficulties in construction on agricultural land for some activities in ecological agriculture, agriculture combined with tourism, experiential education, agriculture combined with trade and service activities; preservation and processing of agricultural products; application of high technology in agricultural production, etc.
Along with that, using and exploiting agricultural land funds in river banks and floating beaches on diked rivers: The Law assigns the City People's Council to regulate the form of using and exploiting agricultural land funds in river banks and floating beaches on diked rivers for agricultural production, ecological agricultural production, agriculture combined with tourism, experiential education, ensuring the principle that construction on agricultural land in river banks and floating beaches on diked rivers must be consistent with flood prevention and control planning of diked rivers, dike planning, construction planning, and other related planning (Point a, Clause 3, Article 32); the City People's Committee decides to allow the use of agricultural land funds in river banks and floating beaches on diked rivers (Clause 4, Article 32).
This regulation aims to exploit and effectively use the area of river banks and floating banks in the city, focusing on the development of agriculture, ecological agriculture combined with sightseeing, experiential education, and experiential tourism to bring high economic value, avoid waste, and be suitable for the socio-economic development situation of the capital.
Regarding the application of investment incentives: apply incentives on exemption and reduction of land rent, water surface rent, tax rates and exemption and reduction of corporate income tax for projects using high and advanced technology in the fields of environment, climate change response, waste and wastewater treatment; projects to build high-tech agricultural zones, high-tech agricultural projects, and traditional craft village development projects (clauses 1 and 2, Article 43).
Regarding attracting strategic investors: attracting strategic investors to the field of high-tech agriculture, developing high-tech zones including high-tech agricultural zones in the city (points a, b, clause 1, Article 42). Strategic investors have the rights, interests and obligations stipulated in Article 42 and enjoy the incentives stipulated in clause 5, Article 43.
Premise for acceleration and breakthrough
The Capital Law 2024 is expected to be the "key" to removing obstacles in Hanoi's current agricultural development.
According to Dr. Cao Duc Phat - former Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development, the Capital Law 2024 has opened a favorable legal corridor for the socio-economic development of Hanoi. However, to be truly effective, more detailed and specific regulations are needed to remove long-standing problems and promote new trends in agricultural and rural development.
Hanoi currently has a large agricultural land area of 196,626 hectares by 2023, including agricultural land, rice land, perennial crops and aquaculture areas. However, the agricultural land area is gradually decreasing, while agricultural growth is mainly due to structural transformation and increased added value rather than increased area.
The 2024 Capital Law has allowed the city to proactively issue policies to develop high-tech applications, even surpassing the general policies of the whole country. However, there needs to be clear regulations to ensure that the application of high technology and digital technology brings about widespread and sustainable economic and social efficiency.
In addition, the development of urban agriculture is also an important trend that Hanoi needs to promote. Urban agriculture not only contributes to providing food for densely populated areas but also plays a role in creating jobs and improving income for urban residents.
Currently, Hanoi's new rural construction criteria do not clearly distinguish between regions, leading to difficulties in practical application in each locality. The 2024 Capital Law can be the legal basis for the city to adjust this set of criteria, to accurately reflect the development trends of each region, best meeting the needs of the people.
One of the issues of particular concern is natural disaster prevention and climate change adaptation. To develop the economy and ensure people's safety, the Capital Law has allowed the construction of new dikes, using part of the land area outside the Red River dike to build public and civil works.
This requires close coordination between the City and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in reviewing dyke planning, flood prevention and drainage, especially in flood-prone areas such as the banks of the Bui, Tich and Day rivers. This helps ensure flood safety and respond well to the increasing risks of natural disasters due to climate change.
The Capital Law 2024 has created important opportunities for Hanoi in sustainable development. However, to effectively promote the provisions of the law, the city needs to quickly specify policies to encourage the development of high-tech agriculture, digital technology and urban agriculture.
"In addition, adjusting the criteria for new rural construction and strengthening coordination in planning for natural disaster prevention are urgent tasks to help Hanoi develop strongly and sustainably, meeting the requirements of the capital's socio-economic development in the coming period," emphasized Dr. Cao Duc Phat.
To gradually put the Capital Law 2024 into practice, Dr. Dang Kim Son - former Director of the Institute of Policy and Strategy for Agricultural and Rural Development (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development) said that Hanoi needs to research and propose specific and strong policies.
In agriculture, Hanoi must develop science and technology to create a system of products with particularly high value to serve both domestic and international needs. At the same time, ensure a green, clean, beautiful and safe ecological environment. Hanoi also needs effective mechanisms to narrow the income gap between rural and urban areas, creating a harmonious rural development environment, focusing on urbanization.
"Hanoi needs to focus on the human factor, have solutions to support the development of high-quality human resources to increase the value of agricultural production. At the same time, promote the implementation of vocational training programs and projects, and career conversion for rural workers according to the needs of each subject, forming and developing a team of "agricultural workers"; at the same time, support the formation of national centers and regional centers for high-quality vocational training and practice in the capital" - National Assembly Delegate Nguyen Thi Lan (Director of Vietnam Academy of Agriculture) .
Source: https://kinhtedothi.vn/chinh-sach-dac-thu-phat-trien-nong-nghiep-nong-thon-trong-luat-thu-do-2024.html
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