Propaganda to celebrate the 79th anniversary of August Revolution and National Day of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam

I. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AUGUST REVOLUTION IN 1945

The success of the August Revolution in 1945 was the result of a long, steadfast, and indomitable struggle of the Vietnamese people under the wise, correct, and creative leadership of the Communist Party of Vietnam.

In early 1945, World War II entered its decisive phase. The Soviet army won successive decisive victories on the European battlefield, liberating a series of countries and advancing straight into the Nazi German lair in Berlin. On May 9, 1945, Nazi Germany surrendered unconditionally, ending the war in Europe. On August 8, 1945, the Soviet Union declared war on Japan and after only 1 week, destroyed the elite Kwantung Army of Japan, pushing the Japanese fascists into inevitable defeat. On August 14, 1945, Japanese fascists surrendered unconditionally, ending World War II.

In the country, through many difficult challenges and important drills such as the 1930-1931 revolutionary climax, the 1936-1939 democratic movement, the 1939-1945 national liberation movement, the revolutionary movement grew stronger and stronger.

On March 9, 1945, the Japanese fascists staged a coup to oust the French. That very night, the Central Party Standing Committee held an expanded meeting in Dinh Bang village (Tu Son, Bac Ninh) and decided to launch a high-level movement to resist Japan and save the country. On March 12, 1945, the Central Party Standing Committee held an expanded meeting and issued the Directive " Japan and France are fighting each other and our actions ". This important directive demonstrated the Party's wise, resolute, proactive and creative leadership, clearly indicating the correct direction and measures for revolutionary action in the high-level movement to resist Japan and save the country, paving the way for the August Revolution to victory.

From April 15 to April 20, 1945, the Party Central Committee convened the Northern Military Revolutionary Conference, deciding to unify the armed forces into the Vietnam Liberation Army. From April 1945 onwards, the anti-Japanese national salvation movement took place strongly. The armed struggle and partial uprising movements took place in many regions. The revolutionary forces coordinated with the masses to liberate a series of communes, districts, and counties in the provinces of Cao Bang, Bac Kan, Lang Son, Thai Nguyen, Tuyen Quang, Quang Ngai, and Bac Giang.

Based on the assessment of the opportunity and the situation of the revolution in the country that had developed strongly and widely, the National Party Conference held in Tan Trao from August 13 to August 15, 1945 came to the conclusion: "The conditions for uprising in Indochina are ripe". Therefore, it is necessary to "Act promptly, not miss the opportunity", urgently "Occupy places where victory is certain, regardless of cities or countryside, establish people's committees in the places of control", all for the goal of "Vietnam's complete independence".

On August 13, 1945, the National Uprising Committee was established and issued Military Order No. 1: Calling on the entire people to rise up and seize power. On August 16, 1945, the National Congress in Tan Trao approved the "10 major policies of the Viet Minh", passed the "General Uprising Order", the national flag was a red flag with a yellow star in the middle, the national anthem was the marching song and elected the Vietnam National Liberation Committee with comrade Ho Chi Minh as Chairman. President Ho Chi Minh sent a letter calling on the people of the whole country to rise up, stating: "The decisive hour for the destiny of our nation has come. The entire country, let's rise up and use our own strength to liberate ourselves".

Under the leadership of the Party and President Ho Chi Minh, the people of the whole country rose up, carried out a general uprising, and seized power. From August 14 to August 18, the general uprising broke out and won victory in the rural areas of the Northern Delta, most of the Central region, part of the South, and in the towns of Bac Giang, Hai Duong, Ha Tinh, Hoi An, etc. On August 19, the uprising to seize power was victorious in Hanoi. On August 23, the uprising was victorious in Hue and in Bac Kan, Hoa Binh, Hai Phong, Ha Dong, Quang Binh, Quang Tri, Binh Dinh, Gia Lai, Bac Lieu, etc. On August 25, the uprising was victorious in Saigon-Gia Dinh, Kon Tum, Soc Trang, Vinh Long, Tra Vinh, Bien Hoa, Tay Ninh, Ben Tre, etc. In Con Dao, the Con Dao Prison Party Committee led the imprisoned revolutionary soldiers to rise up and seize power.

Within just 15 days at the end of August 1945, the General Uprising achieved complete victory. For the first time in history, the power throughout the country belonged to the people. On September 2, 1945, at Ba Dinh Square (Hanoi), in front of hundreds of thousands of people, President Ho Chi Minh, on behalf of the Provisional Government, solemnly read the Declaration of Independence, declaring to the nation and the world: The Democratic Republic of Vietnam was born (now the Socialist Republic of Vietnam). Since then, September 2 has been our country's National Day.

II. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AUGUST REVOLUTION IN NINH BINH

On August 17, 1945, comrade Tran Tu Binh brought the "General Uprising" order to Ninh Binh. That very night in Sai village (Nho Quan), the Provincial Party Committee met to discuss the uprising plan. The conference decided that on August 19, 1945, the organization would lead the masses to seize power in Gia Vien district. That very night, the Provincial Party Committee sent cadres to the districts to quickly convey the news of the Japanese fascists' surrender to the army.   Allies and General Uprising Order. The Provincial Party Committee sent cadres to Gia Vien district and the locality to prepare for the uprising in advance.

Faced with the seething revolutionary atmosphere, on the night of August 18, the Gia Vien district chief was afraid and fled. That same night, the youths of Bich Son village and Me street went to persuade the soldiers to get some guns and ammunition. Early in the morning of August 19, 1945 (the day of the Me market), the armed forces of the province and district took advantage of the time when the people in the area were going to Me market in large numbers, using loudspeakers to call on the people to respond to the uprising to seize power, deploying armed forces to occupy the district town, soldiers surrendered, and lackey government officials asked to hand over their papers, books, seals, and guns and ammunition. We quickly took control of the district town. The masses around the district town and the people going to Me market attended the rally in large numbers.

Before the masses, the representative of the Viet Minh of Gia Vien district announced that the reactionary puppet government had been crushed, the revolutionary government had been established, and the representative of the Viet Minh popularized the policy of saving the country and the 10 policies of the Viet Minh Front.

Upon receiving the news that Gia Vien had won the government, on the afternoon of August 19, 1945, a number of patriotic youths in Nho Quan town, together with the masses, raised the red flag with the yellow star to persuade the security soldiers and Japanese soldiers to remain motionless, and the soldiers in the camp to lay down their guns and surrender. The insurgents confiscated more than 20 guns and brought them back to the war zone. On the morning of August 20, 1945, the Provincial Party Committee sent Viet Minh cadres to Nho Quan to mobilize the people of the town and neighboring communes to seize the district government, and organized a rally to declare: Nho Quan is completely liberated.

On the night of August 19, 1945, the Provincial Party Committee met to evaluate the victory of the uprising in Gia Vien and Nho Quan, draw lessons and agree on a plan, assigning comrades Pham Van Hong, Nguyen Thi Hoa... to directly take charge of the uprising forces, capture the provincial capital and the remaining districts. The conference decided on August 20, 1945 to organize and lead the masses to revolt and seize power in the province and the remaining districts.

On the morning of August 20, 1945, more than ten thousand people and self-defense teams armed with sticks and spears gathered in front of Thien Ton cave (Ninh My, Gia Khanh). When the order was given, the group shouted slogans and marched towards Ninh Binh provincial capital. On the way, thousands of people from the villages of Bach Cu, Phu Gia, Doi Nhan, Cam Gia, Thu Dien, Ky Vi, Phuc Am, Truc Do... joined the revolutionary army. The demonstration reached Phuc Am, a part of which entered to seize power in Gia Khanh district. Faced with the stormy strength of the revolutionary masses, Gia Khanh district chief surrendered to the revolutionary army, handing over his seal, documents and books. The uprising won a quick victory. The district Viet Minh organization gathered the people of the communes and the insurgent army to rally, declaring: Gia Khanh district government belongs to the people and establish a revolutionary government. The masses rejoiced in the atmosphere of victory.

On the same day, the Viet Minh of Ninh Binh town mobilized the masses and the revolutionary army to rise up and seize power in the province. The Viet Minh organization sent people to grasp the situation at the security barracks, sent people to welcome and guide the revolutionary army into the town, surrounded the provincial governor's palace, and forced them to surrender. The soldiers asked to surrender their weapons, and Lieutenant Colonel Dao Trong Huong had to surrender his seal, records, papers, and books on behalf of the provincial governor. All weapons were quickly gathered and brought to the Quynh Luu base. The self-defense force was assigned to protect offices and important areas in the provincial capital. The Viet Minh base in Yen Khanh district raised the red flag with a yellow star and gathered the people to rise up and successfully seize power in the district.

On August 21, 1945, the Viet Minh in Yen Mo district led the masses to rise up and seize power. In Kim Son, when they heard that the Viet Minh had taken over the provincial capital, reactionaries disguised as Catholics took advantage of the Viet Minh name to raise the red flag with a yellow star, calling on the masses to seize the district government (in October 1945, the Provincial Party Committee sent a delegation of cadres to Kim Son to build a government, after which the government was truly in the hands of the people).

After three days of uprising (from August 19 to August 21, 1945), the feudal imperialist government in the whole province was crushed. On August 25, 1945, the Provisional Revolutionary People's Committee of Ninh Binh province, chaired by comrade Van Tien Dung, was introduced to the people. In front of twenty thousand compatriots, comrade Van Tien Dung solemnly declared: "Ninh Binh is completely liberated, establishing a revolutionary government of the people in the whole province".

III. CAUSES OF VICTORY, HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE AND LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE AUGUST REVOLUTION

1. Reasons for victory

The August Revolution of 1945 succeeded quickly due to many reasons, among which the important and decisive reason was the correct, wise and skillful leadership of the Party; the correct, independent, autonomous and creative application and development of Marxism-Leninism in the specific conditions of our country. The Party had appropriate and flexible revolutionary methods, strategies and tactics; recognized the opportunity, proactively welcomed the opportunity and resolutely seized the opportunity, carried out a general uprising to seize power throughout the country.

The success of the August Revolution was due to the patriotism, solidarity and indomitable will of our people, who refused to live forever as slaves of the people who lost their country; wholeheartedly following the Party and being led by the Party through general rehearsals, they were determined to rise up to gain independence for the nation. After 15 years of extremely arduous and heroic struggle under the leadership of the Party, countless compatriots and soldiers did not hesitate to shed their blood and bones, heroically sacrificing themselves for the goal of national independence.

The August Revolution was carried out in an international context with certain advantages. German, Italian and Japanese fascism had been defeated, and the liberation movements of oppressed peoples and progressive forces in the world were developing strongly.

2. Historical significance

  The success of the August Revolution in 1945 was the first great victory of our people since the Party's leadership, opening a great turning point in the history of the Vietnamese nation. The government was in the hands of the people, the Democratic Republic of Vietnam was born - the first worker-peasant state in Southeast Asia; ending the feudal monarchy in Vietnam; ending more than 80 years of our people under the yoke of colonialism and fascism. The Vietnamese people changed from being slaves to being citizens of an independent country, masters of their own destiny. Vietnam changed from a semi-feudal colony to an independent, free and democratic country. The Communist Party of Vietnam became a ruling party. From here, the country, society, people and people of Vietnam entered a new era, an era of national independence associated with socialism.

The August Revolution was the victory of Marxism-Leninism creatively applied to the specific circumstances of the Vietnamese revolution; the victory of Ho Chi Minh's thought and the revolutionary line of our Party linking national independence with socialism, linking national strength with the strength of the times; the first successful experimentation of Marxism-Leninism in a colonial country in Asia. This was also the inevitable development process of the nation's history through thousands of years of struggle, the pinnacle of the nation's indomitable will, the strength of community cohesion, the intellectual height of the nation combined with Marxism-Leninism, Ho Chi Minh's thought with the trend of the times for peace, democracy and social progress, for national independence and socialism.

The victory of the August Revolution encouraged the national liberation movement in countries oppressed and dominated by imperialism and colonialism. It affirmed that, in the conditions of the proletarian revolutionary trend, a revolution led by a party of the working class could not only succeed in an underdeveloped capitalist country, the weakest link of imperialism, but could also succeed in a backward semi-feudal colonial country to bring the whole nation up the path of socialism.

Ninh Binh city is increasingly developing in a civilized and modern direction. Photo: Ngoc Linh

3. Lessons learned

The August Revolution left us with many valuable lessons, but the greatest and most profound lessons are:

Firstly, there is a truly revolutionary vanguard party that has absorbed Marxism-Leninism and Ho Chi Minh's thought, has grasped the specific circumstances of each revolutionary stage of the country, has set out the correct revolutionary line, has appropriate methods and forms of struggle; knows how to seize opportunities, build forces and organize, and use forces at the right time; promotes national strength with the strength of the times to lead the masses to advance to gain and maintain power. The correct leadership of the Party is the leading factor determining the victory of the revolution.

Second, is the issue of seizing and maintaining power. Our Party has known how to take care of building revolutionary forces, making them strong enough, attracting a large number of people to participate, thereby changing the balance of power between us and the enemy, creating revolutionary opportunities to bring the revolution to success. To maintain power, our Party and State have relied firmly on the people, creating material and spiritual strength to fight successfully against internal and external enemies. Our Party knows how to resolutely use revolutionary violence and use revolutionary violence appropriately and at the right time to smash the old state apparatus, establishing a state of the people, by the people and for the people.

Third, it is a matter of seizing opportunities and making accurate and timely decisions. The skillful leadership of our Party and President Ho Chi Minh in choosing the right opportunity and making the right decision for the General Uprising is specifically demonstrated in the Directive of the Party Central Committee Standing Committee in March 1945 "The Japanese and French are fighting each other and our actions" and Military Order No. 1 of the National Uprising Committee issued on the night of August 13, 1945. Thanks to choosing the right opportunity, the strength of our people in the August Revolution was multiplied, and the general uprising was successfully carried out nationwide in a short time.

Fourth, the issue of building and using the strength of a revolution. Applying the ideas of Marxism-Leninism, our Party has set out the correct revolutionary line, reflected in the slogans of struggle in each period such as: National independence, land for the tillers, 10 major policies of the Viet Minh Front, the policy of breaking into Japanese rice warehouses to save the people from starvation and a series of other forms of mobilization, gathering forces, and arousing the creative potential of the masses. The August Revolution was a typical revolution - a general uprising based on the strength of the entire people, mainly the strength of the political struggle of the People to quickly seize power throughout the country. Under the light of the correct line and leadership of the Party and Uncle Ho, the patriotism and strength of the entire people ignited in the August Revolution have continued to be highly promoted in the two sacred resistance wars against imperialist invaders and in the cause of national renewal today.

Fully aware of the responsibility in applying and promoting valuable lessons and ideas of the August Revolution in the cause of innovation, promoting industrialization and modernization of the country and homeland. In the first 6 months of 2024, facing the unusual developments of the epidemic, weather, the world economic and political situation is tense, complicated and unpredictable, especially the impact of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, the Provincial Party Committee, People's Council, People's Committee, and Vietnam Fatherland Front Committee of the province have closely followed the direction of the Central Government, upholding the spirit of responsibility, solidarity, promoting democracy, focusing on leadership, timely, close, drastic, flexible, focused, key points; determined and steadfast in the set goals and targets; together with the efforts and struggles of all levels, sectors, business community, the Party Committee, army and people of Ninh Binh have overcome difficulties and achieved quite comprehensive important results in the following fields:

Successfully organized the Conference to announce the Ninh Binh Provincial Planning for the period 2021-2030, with a vision to 2050; immediately after being approved by the Prime Minister.

Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) in the first 6 months increased by 8.19%, ranking 12th out of 63 provinces and cities nationwide and 6th out of 11 provinces and cities in the Red River Delta. Industrial production recovered and achieved a good growth rate; agricultural production ensured the seasonal framework; the movement to build advanced new rural areas and model new rural areas achieved many results; trade and service activities achieved high growth rates, especially tourism services.

Culture and society have progressed, social security is guaranteed, people's lives continue to improve and rise. Cultural, political events, and important national and international conferences are well organized; unique identity values ​​are promoted, spread globally, and gradually transformed into endogenous resources to promote development.

Investment promotion continues to receive attention. Foreign affairs and international cooperation activities continue to be promoted and expanded. Citizen reception, complaint and denunciation settlement, and anti-corruption and negativity work are focused on and have positive changes; local defense and military are strengthened; political security and social order and safety are ensured.

Party and government building work has been implemented synchronously, comprehensively and effectively; the political system has been increasingly consolidated.

Thereby contributing to the efforts to build Ninh Binh province to become increasingly rich, beautiful and civilized, soon becoming a fairly developed province in the Red River Delta, building Ninh Binh Party Committee to be increasingly clean and strong and the political system at all levels to be streamlined, effective and efficient, worthy of the trust and expectations of the Party, State and people.

PROPAGANDA COMMITTEE OF NINH BINH PROVINCIAL PARTY COMMITTEE

Source: https://baoninhbinh.org.vn/tuyen-truyen-ky-niem-79-nam-cach-mang-thang-tam-va-quoc/d20240816121024599.htm