The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) is an international treaty adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on December 16, 1966, and entered into force on March 23, 1976.
Along with the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the ICCPR is one of the three pillars of the International Bill of Human Rights - a group of fundamental documents for the formation and development of basic human rights standards in the world.
The content of the ICCPR Convention stipulates rights attached to individuals from birth to the end of life (right to life, right to security, personal safety, freedom of speech, right to association, right to belief, religion, right to participate in social management...).
Some rights in the ICCPR were later developed by the United Nations into separate international conventions, such as: the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment in 1984; the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women in 1979; the Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1989...
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Vietnam always focuses on ensuring human rights in the development process. (VOV)[/caption]Vietnam strives to protect human rights under the ICCPR Convention
Vietnam joined the ICCPR on September 24, 1982. Since then, Vietnam has made continuous efforts to fulfill its obligations as a member state of the Convention.
Over 40 years of accession, Vietnam has made progress in building and perfecting laws, including laws on civil and political rights, to fulfill the obligation to respect and protect human rights in Vietnam.
According to Article 40 of the ICCPR Convention, Vietnam has fulfilled its obligation to submit reports on the implementation of the ICCPR Convention three times in 1989, 2002 and 2019.
In particular, the third report on Vietnam's implementation of the ICCPR Convention stated that since Vietnam submitted its second national report in 2002, Vietnam has increasingly focused on law-making and has achieved very encouraging results, especially after the Resolution of the Politburo on the Strategy for Building and Perfecting the Vietnamese Legal System to 2010, with a Vision to 2020 and the Resolution of the Politburo on the Judicial Reform Strategy to 2020.
During this period, Vietnam has enacted many important laws directly related to civil and political rights, and they have been continuously reviewed for amendment, supplementation or new promulgation with the aim of increasingly fully recognizing these rights.
In particular, the Constitution passed by the National Assembly in 2013 marked an important step forward for Vietnam in the awareness of human rights as well as the responsibility of the State, organizations and individuals in recognizing, respecting, protecting and ensuring human rights and civil rights in all fields.
Institutionalizing the provisions of the 2013 Constitution, many important legal documents on human rights and civil rights have been amended, supplemented or newly issued. These legal documents have basically recognized most civil and political rights; mechanisms to ensure and promote these rights in Vietnam have been gradually put into practice so that people can enjoy civil and political rights.
Reality has clearly reflected the achievements, such as religions in Vietnam living in harmony in the community of Vietnamese ethnic groups and always being respected, ensuring equality, without discrimination; the press in Vietnam has developed continuously, becoming a forum for social organizations and people, a tool to protect people's rights and social interests; the litigation mechanism is guaranteed in the direction of openness, transparency, respect and protection of human rights; a large volume of needs related to civil status, nationality, and authentication have been resolved, in which competent agencies of Vietnam have simplified administrative procedures, gradually modernized, created convenience for people as well as better met the requirements of state management...
The encouraging achievements in protecting and promoting civil and political rights in Vietnam during this period were also shared by the Vietnamese delegation at the Third National Report Review Session of Vietnam held on March 11-12, 2019.
At the same time, the Vietnamese delegation also provided more specific information so that members of the Human Rights Committee could clearly and accurately understand the situation of ICCPR implementation in Vietnam; refuting the incorrect and unconstructive arguments of some organizations and individuals on this issue.
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Representatives of the UN Human Rights Committee and representatives of the Vietnamese inter-sectoral working group at the meeting to consider Vietnam's third national report on the implementation of the ICCPR, March 11, 2019, in Geneva, Switzerland. (Photo: Ministry of Justice)[/caption]Also at the meeting, the Vietnamese delegation frankly pointed out the difficulties and challenges that Vietnam has to face in implementing the ICCPR Convention, such as: limited capacity to build and organize law enforcement; low quality of human resources; necessary resources for development and social security have not been ensured sustainably; the impact of global issues and non-traditional security in the context of Vietnam's deep international integration.
Vietnam pledges to continue its efforts and give top priority to continuing to build a rule-of-law state, reform the law and judiciary, and effectively enforce legal regulations, in order to continue striving to achieve better results in promoting and protecting human rights.
The United Nations Human Rights Committee highly appreciated the participation and dialogue of the Vietnamese delegation at the Session. Members of the Human Rights Committee also acknowledged Vietnam's encouraging results in implementing the ICCPR, and believed that with strong commitment and continuous efforts, Vietnam will continue to better protect and promote human rights and civil rights.
Vietnam completes submission of 4th report
Currently, Vietnam has completed submitting the 4th ICCPR Implementation Report on March 29, 2023, in accordance with the regulations of the United Nations Human Rights Committee.
The Fourth ICCPR Implementation Report in Vietnam provides official information from the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, demonstrating Vietnam's developments and efforts in respecting, protecting, ensuring and promoting civil and political rights. The report reflects Vietnam's progress in both improving the legal framework and implementing practices in the 2019-2022 period.
Through the Report, Vietnam hopes that the world will better understand Vietnam's efforts and progress in respecting, protecting, ensuring and promoting civil and political rights, and continue to acknowledge and support Vietnam's efforts in this field.
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