According to the Decision, the specific objectives of the planning are to protect, maintain and restore the ecosystem, biodiversity and other values of the coastal area; increase the conservation area, protect natural values, marine ecology, and mangrove forests in the coastal area, contributing to the goal of achieving a minimum area equal to 6% of the natural area of the national sea.
Arrange and reasonably allocate space for sectors and fields and fundamentally resolve overlaps and conflicts in the exploitation and use of coastal resources, ensure the resilience of ecosystems, protect the coastal environment, contributing to achieving the following targets: 100% of hazardous waste, domestic solid waste, 100% of plastic waste at beaches, coastal tourist areas and marine reserves are collected and treated; 100% of economic zones, industrial zones and coastal urban areas are planned and built in a sustainable, ecological, smart and safe direction, with centralized wastewater treatment systems that meet environmental standards and regulations.
Ensuring people's access to the sea, improving livelihoods and raising living standards for coastal communities, eliminating particularly disadvantaged communes in coastal areas, contributing to increasing the average income per capita of coastal provinces and cities by 1.2 times or more compared to the average income of the whole country; protecting and preserving cultural heritages, promoting historical traditions and maritime cultural identity, contributing to building and developing a comprehensive Vietnamese culture, in line with the trend of the times.
By 2050, coastal resources will be managed, exploited, and used effectively and sustainably to comprehensively develop marine economic sectors, contributing to making coastal areas a vibrant economic and cultural development center, attracting investment, a gateway connecting development space between the mainland and the sea, connecting trade between Vietnam and the world; building coastal areas into a solid foundation to advance to the sea and creating momentum for other regions in the country to develop together; having a clean, safe environment and natural, ecological, landscape, cultural and historical values protected, preserved and developed; firmly ensuring national defense and security, aiming to make our country a strong maritime nation, rich from the sea, developing sustainably, prosperously, securely and safely, achieving net zero emissions by 2050.
The scope of coastal planning includes coastal sea areas and coastal land areas, specifically:
a) The coastal sea area has an inner boundary which is the average low water line over many years (18.6 years) and an outer boundary which is 6 nautical miles from the average low water line over many years.
b) Coastal areas include coastal communes, wards and towns in 28 coastal provinces and centrally run cities.
However, to ensure the integrity of important ecosystems and habitats and to take full account of the strong interactions between land and sea, the coastal spatial extent in some areas is extended further both towards land and sea.
Zoning for exploitation and use of coastal land resources
Coastal areas and islands are arranged and allocated according to the National Land Use Plan, in accordance with the National Master Plan according to 4 socio-economic regions: the Northern region from Quang Ninh to Ninh Binh; the North Central region and the Central Coast from Thanh Hoa to Binh Thuan; the Southeast region, including Ba Ria - Vung Tau and Ho Chi Minh City; the Southwest region from Tien Giang to Kien Giang.
To promote the strong development of the blue marine economy, ensure harmony between activities on land and under the sea, exploitation and use of resources in coastal areas are prioritized for infrastructure development, especially highway corridors, economic zones, industrial zones, coastal urban areas to create momentum and motivation to promote the development of marine economic sectors, connecting coastal areas with islands, key economic zones and international border gates. Carry out land reclamation in appropriate areas, without degrading natural resources, ecosystems, biodiversity and cultural and historical values in coastal areas to increase space and land fund for socio-economic development of coastal provinces and centrally-run cities.
Northern coastal region
Hai Phong – Quang Ninh area is a modern, international, leading marine economic center in Southeast Asia, the gateway and driving force for the development of the Red River Delta; Thai Binh – Nam Dinh – Ninh Binh area strongly and sustainably develops marine economy.
Regarding infrastructure: Focus on investing in and completing the coastal infrastructure system, especially coastal roads, railways, and roads connecting ports to national highways and expressways; research and build new railways connecting seaports and Mong Cai international border gates with Hanoi. Develop coastal urban areas and residential areas in the direction of forming a chain of coastal urban areas, associated with the development of the marine economy, closely linked through the coastal economic belt.
Regarding priority economic sectors: Forming highly internationalized tourist areas in Quang Ninh (Van Don, Ha Long Bay), developing Quang Ninh into a national tourist center connecting with major international tourist centers in the region and the world; linking the development of the Cat Ba - Ha Long Bay - Bai Tu Long - Van Don tourist area into a center for resort tourism, entertainment, and sea - island natural heritage tourism of international stature in Asia - Pacific.
Developing international seaports, domestic and ocean shipping, maritime services, multimodal logistics services with the center being the Hai Phong - Quang Ninh port cluster.
North Central Coast and Central Coast
The North Central Coast and Central Coast are the gateway to the sea of the Central Highlands and neighboring Laos, with the potential for rapid, strong, and sustainable development of the marine economy with modern coastal economic zones, smart, environmentally friendly coastal urban systems, and high resilience to natural disasters and climate change; cultural and historical values and ecosystems are protected, preserved, and promoted.
Regarding infrastructure: Synchronously connect the transport system with coastal economic zones, industrial parks, Da Nang high-tech parks and airports and seaports; complete coastal roads in localities in the region; research investment and upgrade horizontal highways connecting international border gates with seaports; focus resources on developing seaports with the potential to become special seaports, especially seaports in Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, Da Nang and Khanh Hoa.
Regarding the development of priority economic sectors: Focus on strongly developing the marine economy in combination with ensuring national defense and security at sea, especially sectors such as tourism and marine services, maritime economy, oil and gas processing and other marine mineral resources, aquaculture and fisheries exploitation, coastal industry, renewable energy, new marine economic sectors, etc. Promote investment attraction in 11 existing coastal economic zones.
Southeast Coastal Region
The coastal area of Ba Ria - Vung Tau and Ho Chi Minh City is a strong international maritime economic center in Southeast Asia with priority industries and fields: seaports, logistics, oil and gas exploitation, petrochemicals, marine tourism, exploitation, aquaculture and seafood processing.
Develop types of eco-tourism, resorts, culture, sports, and high-quality entertainment services. Develop a chain of coastal tourist cities in the direction of green cities.
Invest in completing the coastal road system; promote the construction of Cai Mep - Thi Vai - Sao Mai - Ben Dinh seaport area, linking with Ho Chi Minh City seaport, in which prioritizing resources for developing Cai Mep - Thi Vai international gateway port into a large international transit port, of regional and international stature; research and build Can Gio international transit port; fundamentally renovate inland waterway routes to technical standards; form port clusters to serve the needs of collecting and clearing goods for major seaports in the region. Build a free trade zone associated with seaports in Cai Mep Ha area, forming a complete industrial - service ecosystem.
Southwestern coastal region
The Southwestern coastal region includes strong maritime economic centers of Southeast Asia with green industrial development, clean energy, renewable energy, especially wind power, solar power associated with forest and coastal protection; aquaculture, seafood exploitation, logistics services, modern fishing infrastructure serving offshore exploitation, forming and developing eco-tourism, contributing to proactively preventing, avoiding, minimizing risks of natural disasters and responding to climate change and rising sea levels.
Regarding infrastructure: Complete the transportation system connecting with major economic centers in the region and the world; focus on exploiting seaports well, in which Tran De wharf area (Soc Trang seaport) is oriented to potential planning to become a special seaport, taking on the role of gateway port in the Mekong Delta; upgrade, renovate, and maintain shipping routes, in which focus on shipping routes for large tonnage ships entering Hau River, Tran De shipping route.
Regarding the development of priority economic sectors: Developing gas industry, gas processing, electricity, renewable energy. Promoting aquaculture and exploitation of aquatic products in coastal areas in a modern and sustainable manner; developing aquatic product processing industry, logistics services, fishing infrastructure; regenerating aquatic resources and protecting marine biodiversity.
Zoning for exploitation and use of coastal marine resources
Zoning for exploitation and use of coastal marine resources is carried out based on the functions of the areas and the principles of handling overlaps in the following order of priority: (1) The need to ensure national defense and security; (2) The need to protect and preserve marine ecosystems; (3) The need for economic development activities. For overlaps between activities for economic development purposes, priority orientations for sea use are determined in the following order: (1) Tourism and marine services; (2) Maritime economy; (3) Exploitation of oil and gas and other marine mineral resources; (4) Aquaculture and seafood exploitation; (5) Renewable energy and new economic sectors.
In case of necessity, based on the proposal of the Provincial People's Committee and relevant ministries and branches, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment shall submit to the Prime Minister for adjustment of the priority order of use for specific coastal seas based on analysis and assessment of the effectiveness, economic, social and environmental benefits and costs, and the ability to support the protection of sovereignty and security at sea.
6 solutions to implement planning
The Decision sets out 6 solutions for implementing the planning, including: 1. Management solutions; 2. Environment, science and technology solutions; 3. Communication and awareness raising solutions; 4. Training and capacity building solutions; 5. Investment finance solutions; 6. International cooperation solutions.
The Prime Minister assigned the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment to preside over and coordinate with ministries, ministerial-level agencies, and People's Committees of coastal provinces and centrally run cities to organize and inspect the implementation of the planning; periodically organize assessments, reviews, and adjustments to the planning according to regulations; and announce the planning according to the provisions of the Law on Planning.
At the same time, build and manage the database system for planning implementation; provide planning information to the information system and national database on planning according to regulations. Coordinate with the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Planning and Investment to arrange the annual budget; synthesize and submit to competent authorities to assign medium-term and annual public investment plans to implement the planning.
Source: https://kinhtedothi.vn/phe-duyet-quy-hoach-khai-thac-ben-vung-tai-nguyen-vung-bo.html
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