Population growth, urbanization and economic development have resulted in an increasing amount of biosolid waste, not only in urban areas but also in rural areas. This not only has a negative impact on the environment but also poses challenges in waste management and public health protection.
Most of the waste is collected in temporary landfills or buried and treated with biological products to reduce odors and speed up decomposition. However, the old treatment method is currently ineffective, causing more and more environmental pollution and negative impacts on people's lives, activities and production. Therefore, domestic solid waste has become a hot issue and is receiving more and more attention.
At the workshop “Technology for treating domestic solid waste - Current status and solutions” held on December 9 in Ben Tre, experts, scientists and businesses introduced and shared many different technological solutions for treating solid waste.
Including modern technologies that have been and are being applied in Vietnam and many countries around the world such as gasification technology (Gasification Tech), biochar, solid waste management technology,...
In response to the sharing of experts and scientists, Prof. Dr. Tran Hong Thai - Deputy Minister of Science and Technology said that in the treatment of domestic solid waste, there is no technology that is considered optimal.
The choice of technology depends on many factors such as the volume of domestic solid waste in the locality, the type of waste, the scale of treatment, economic resources and the environment. Therefore, there should be a combination when applying different technologies depending on the specific situation of each locality.
According to Deputy Minister Tran Hong Thai, Vietnam needs to make the most of the technology trend of recycling, reusing and utilizing energy and resources from waste. When put into use, solid waste treatment plants must ensure that they meet the criteria of environmental protection, investment feasibility and sustainability.
Projects using small capacity incinerators (350-1000kg/h) are temporary solutions to treat domestic solid waste in small residential areas. Instead, it is necessary to encourage centralized treatment models with modern technology, with large enough treatment scale, from 500 tons or more.
In addition, localities need to apply green, circular economy, treat domestic solid waste combined with industrial solid waste in industrial parks according to an energy-saving model, taking advantage of heat sources generated from burning solid waste.
From his perspective, Deputy Minister of Science and Technology Tran Hong Thai said that domestic solid waste in Vietnam has high humidity, many impurities, and poor source classification. Therefore, solid waste treatment technology suitable for Vietnam must overcome the above disadvantages. This technology must also have an investment cost suitable for actual conditions.
In recent times, the Ministry of Science and Technology has been promoting activities to support scientific research and technological innovation through scientific and technological programs and tasks.
The Ministry of Science and Technology has also conducted technology appraisals for investment projects, appraised and issued technical regulations, national standards, and intellectual property activities... These activities have contributed to promoting the development and application of domestic solid waste treatment technology in practice.
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