According to data extracted from enrollment plans and public reports of universities, the top 10 universities in terms of revenue nationwide in 2023 will all have revenue of VND1,000 billion or more. Of these, there are 6 public universities and 4 private universities.

Leading in total revenue is FPT University with nearly 2,920 billion VND. In previous school years, this school was also among the universities with the highest revenue, of which more than 90% of revenue came from tuition fees.

Next is Hanoi University of Science and Technology with about 2,140 billion VND, double that of 2022 (in 2022, the school's revenue was about 1,070 billion). Of which, revenue from tuition fees accounts for the majority with 1,340 billion VND, about 63%. The school's revenue from tuition fees has also increased rapidly in recent years. In addition, revenue also comes from the budget, scientific research and technology transfer and some other sources.

Although Van Lang University has not yet publicly disclosed its total revenue in 2023, its total revenue in 2022 has reached 1,758 billion VND, mainly from tuition fees.

As for Ho Chi Minh City University of Economics, total legal revenue increased from 1,443 billion in 2022 to nearly 1,680 billion in 2023.

The top universities in terms of revenue nationwide also include Nguyen Tat Thanh University (1,476 billion), National Economics University (1,410 billion), Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (1,260 billion), Ton Duc Thang University (1,141 billion), Ho Chi Minh City University of Industry (1,010 billion), Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology - National University (1,004 billion).

Compared to 2022, the top 10 in 2023 has Ho Chi Minh City University of Industry and Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology - Ho Chi Minh City National University. Can Tho University in 2022 reached 1,090 billion VND, in 2023 it jumped out of the top schools with revenue of thousands of billions, down to more than 950 billion.

According to detailed reports on revenue sources, Nguyen Tat Thanh University and Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology have a high rate of revenue from tuition fees, accounting for more than 98%.

In reality, the current revenue of universities mainly includes 3 main sources: tuition fees, state budget (which can be regular expenditures, investment expenditures for training, research, staff training, etc.) and other sources of revenue (technology transfer, service activities, cooperation with enterprises and external funding sources, etc.). However, tuition fees are still the largest source of revenue.

Many opinions say that when tuition fees are the main source of income for schools, they unintentionally become a barrier and pressure for poor students. In their enrollment plans, many universities also propose a roadmap to increase tuition fees from 8-15%.

However, some schools have recently made efforts to diversify their revenue sources. For example, at Hanoi University of Science and Technology, revenue from scientific research and other sources increased from VND97.4 billion in 2022 to VND506 billion in 2023.

Paradoxically, despite collecting hundreds of billions in tuition fees per year, the American International School still owes more than 3,000 billion VND. Students of the American International School Vietnam (AISVN) pay tuition fees of hundreds of millions to nearly 1 billion VND per year. However, currently, the school is unable to pay teachers' salaries, owes money to parents, and thousands of students have had to stop studying.