Visionary
Faced with the rapid changes in the world situation in the 1930s, especially the emergence of fascism and the risk of World War II between major countries, Ho Chi Minh predicted that it would affect the Vietnamese revolution. Therefore, he reported his opinions to the Communist International and asked to return home to directly lead the revolution. When Nazi Germany invaded France, he said: "The loss of France is a very favorable opportunity for the Vietnamese revolution. We must find every way to return home immediately to seize the opportunity." So after many years of wandering, in January 1941, he returned to Cao Bang, using Pac Bo cave as the headquarters to lead the revolution.
After a period of grasping the situation at home and abroad as well as the ongoing revolutionary movement, He convened and directly chaired the 8th Central Conference (1st term) of the Party from May 10 to 19, 1941. At the Conference, He analyzed and assessed that although fascist Germany, Italy, and Japan were expanding the war, attacking the Soviet Union and allied countries, they would definitely fail and this was a great opportunity for our country's revolution.
Based on that insightful assessment, he proposed an important strategic shift, which was to focus on the task of national liberation and temporarily put aside the land policy. At this time, we must raise high the flag of national liberation, put the task of fighting imperialism first, the task of national liberation first. That policy reflected a keen political perspective, a sharp strategic vision, and theoretical thinking closely linked to profound practice. That is why that policy quickly entered life, fanning the flames of struggle of all classes of people against the invaders and their lackeys; opening the way for the mass movement to rise up and make the August Revolution.
Organizing revolutionary forces
The decisive factor for the victory of the August Revolution was Ho Chi Minh's initiative to establish the Viet Minh Front. Along with the birth of the Viet Minh Front was the strong development of organizations within the Front such as Farmers for National Salvation, Workers for National Salvation, Youth for National Salvation, Women for National Salvation, Children for National Salvation, etc.
Under the banner of the Viet Minh Front and the call to “save the nation” of the organizations, all classes of patriotic people were gathered together, strongly attracted to the movement to rise up to overthrow the colonial invaders and gain independence and freedom. The establishment of the Viet Minh Front was a creation of Ho Chi Minh in response to the demands of history. When the Party operated secretly, the Front was the place to gather the masses, an important bridge between the Party and the masses, representing the great national unity bloc. It can be said that the birth of the Viet Minh Front was the decisive factor for the victory of the August Revolution.
To form the basis and core for political struggle, Ho Chi Minh built armed forces. First, he established the Cao Bang armed force, whose mission was to protect revolutionary bases, provide political and military training for self-defense teams, local militia and guerrillas, and support the struggles of the masses.
Next, to meet the development requirements of the revolution, Ho Chi Minh decided to establish the Vietnam Propaganda Liberation Army (December 22, 1944). Immediately after its establishment, the Team made a big splash with its victory in destroying two enemy posts in Phay Khat and Na Ngan. The Team's reputation spread throughout the country, from which many localities proactively established armed teams.
To step up preparations for the uprising, Ho Chi Minh and the Party Central Committee organized the Northern Military Conference, agreed to merge the armed forces into the Vietnam Liberation Army and put military tasks first. Along with the political force, the armed forces constantly grew, creating extremely important conditions for the victory of the August Revolution.
One of Ho Chi Minh's innovations in gathering forces was to gain international support. Ho Chi Minh carried out many intensive diplomatic activities to gain all forces abroad. He directly met with Zhou Enlai, representing the Communist Party of China, to discuss coordinating revolutionary activities between the two countries; sent people to Yan'an to expand international relations, strengthen communication lines with the Communist International; In August 1942, he personally went to China to meet with representatives of Chiang Kai-shek's government... He participated in reforming the Vietnamese organization in China - the Vietnam Revolutionary Alliance Association - to divide, gain and attract patriots in the Vietnamese organization to the revolutionary side. He decided to meet with American representatives in Kunming to discuss methods of Viet Minh - American cooperation. In order to carry out that extremely sensitive cooperation plan, the US provided Vietnam with some guns, ammunition, medicine, radios and even some volunteer soldiers to train the Vietnamese armed forces in the use of weapons, radios and military technology. Those international activities contributed to the victory of the August Revolution.
Seize the opportunity
With his high intelligence and rich practical experience, Ho Chi Minh and our Party seized the revolutionary opportunity and promptly proposed a policy and plan for a general uprising. In August 1945, Nazi Germany surrendered to the Allies, in Indochina, the Japanese army panicked, the revolutionary movement across the country was seething, etc. Ho Chi Minh affirmed that the opportunity had come, no matter how much sacrifice was required, we must win national independence. He said, “We need to seize every second, every minute. The situation will change rapidly. We cannot miss the opportunity.” He decided to convene the National Congress of Representatives in Tan Trao and launch a general uprising to seize power before the Allies entered our country. Immediately after that, he directly sent a Letter calling for a General Uprising to the people of the whole country, in which he affirmed: “The decisive hour for the destiny of our nation has come. The whole country, let's stand up and use our own strength to liberate ourselves…”.
Responding to President Ho Chi Minh's call, millions of people rose up as one to carry out a successful general uprising. Immediately after the victory of the August Revolution, he drafted the Declaration of Independence, setting September 2, 1945 as the day of his introduction to the nation and declaring the birth of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
Studying the wise policies and close, timely guidance of President Ho Chi Minh for the August Revolution, we have enough historical evidence to affirm that the success of the August Revolution was the result of a process of organizing forces, from preparing conditions to seizing opportunities, under the leadership of the Party, in which the role of President Ho Chi Minh was especially important.
Source: https://baotainguyenmoitruong.vn/lanh-tu-ho-chi-minh-voi-cach-mang-thang-tam-379200.html
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