Lesson 1: Expecting a "boost" from the national target program
In early 2021, the poverty rate (according to the old criteria) in Dien Bien province accounted for 30.35%, mainly ethnic minorities; the average income per capita only reached 38.25 million VND/person/year; every year, people still suffer from hunger. Traffic infrastructure, cultural, medical and social facilities, especially in remote villages and hamlets, ethnic minority areas are still lacking and weak... The 3 national target programs are like a "new wind", expected by Party committees and authorities at all levels, especially the people, to change the face of the countryside and improve people's lives.
Government and people expect
Pa My is the most difficult commune in Muong Nhe district. In 2022 , transportation is one of the biggest obstacles when it is mainly dirt roads, dusty in the dry season, muddy in the rainy season, landslides often cause traffic jams. For the internal roads, cars can only reach 4/10 villages (in the dry season). Not only is transportation difficult, economic development in the commune has also been a difficult problem for many years. Although the land area is large, the lack of water for production makes it difficult for people to cultivate, and crop yields are low. In the whole commune, only 6/10 villages have access to the national grid; most of the criteria for building new rural areas have not been met... In 2022, the poverty rate accounted for nearly 90%.
Mr. Tran My Nam, former Chairman of the People's Committee of Pa My commune, said: The biggest concern of generations of commune leaders over the past years has been to improve the quality of people's lives and sustainably reduce poverty. However, with a low starting point, achieving the above goals is very difficult without investment resources. When the national target programs are implemented from the end of 2022, we, as well as the people in the commune, are very happy and expectant. Because through the programs, many production models and poverty reduction will be implemented. Public works, roads, and new rural construction will be invested to help people gradually reduce poverty.
Tia Dinh is a mountainous commune , the most difficult in Dien Bien Dong district. Not only is the poverty rate high (in 2022 it will be 62%), Tia Dinh is also a commune lacking and weak in rural infrastructure such as roads and national grid electricity. In 2022, 6/10 villages in the commune do not have electricity; 10/10 villages do not have hardened roads connecting to the commune center. These are the main reasons that make socio-economic development in Tia Dinh, which is already difficult, even more difficult.
Mr. Trang A Dia, Secretary of the Party Committee of Tia Dinh commune, shared: With a high rate of poor households, the lack of and weak infrastructure in terms of roads and electricity are major obstacles for Tia Dinh to develop. Therefore, the Party Committee, government and people expect that the National Target Programs will help the locality have resources to invest in infrastructure, especially to develop and replicate livelihood models and sustainably reduce poverty.
The expectations of Mr. Nam or Mr. Dia are also the expectations of Party committees, authorities at all levels and people in many communes, villages and hamlets . The implementation of national target programs brings confidence in rural changes and improves people's lives. According to statistics, in the period of 2021 - 2025, the total capital allocated by the Central Government to Dien Bien province to implement 3 national target programs is nearly 6,116 billion VND (of which the central budget capital is more than 5,821 billion VND; local budget capital is more than 294.4 billion VND). The capital mobilized from resources, integrating policies and capital sources to implement national target programs (until June 2024) is more than 13,272 billion VND.
Efforts to implement
Implementing national target programs, Dien Bien province sets a target that by 2025, the whole province will have 2 district-level localities completing the task of building new rural areas; 1 commune meeting the model new rural standards; 9 communes meeting the advanced new rural standards and 32 communes meeting the new rural standards. Strive to have 2 districts escape poverty; 100% of poor districts receive support for investment in developing regional economic and social infrastructure; support for building and replicating over 200 poverty reduction models and projects. About 1,083 poor and near-poor households in poor districts receive housing support; 90.27% of poor and near-poor households have access to clean water. The average rate of poor ethnic minority households decreases by 5% each year; 45 communes, 478 villages and hamlets have escaped from the situation of extreme difficulty; The rate of communes with asphalt or concrete roads to the commune center is 100%.
To achieve the set goals, the leadership and direction from the province to the grassroots level have been focused on with a system of complete and clear directives and instructions, demonstrating high determination, basically meeting the requirements. The implementation stage has been focused, the province has established working groups, regularly inspected, urged, and removed obstacles for localities... Functional sectors and local authorities have quickly taken action, promoted information and propaganda work to create changes in awareness, raise the sense of responsibility of the entire political system and the whole society in carrying out the task of building new rural areas; sustainable poverty reduction; caring for and developing the socio-economic situation of ethnic minority areas.
Despite many efforts, the results of implementing the national target programs have not been as expected. For example, in Tua Chua district, the implementation of 3 national target programs (for public capital) has encountered many difficulties, greatly affecting the local targets. Specifically, from the beginning of the period up to now, the district has been allocated more than 486.6 billion VND of investment capital and more than 201 billion VND of public capital. The capital source is large, but the disbursement rate is low, especially public capital; the results of implementing new rural construction are still slow (no commune has met new rural standards; the average is 12/19 criteria). The rate of poor and re-poor households is high (by the end of 2023, the rate of poor households is 35.2%); production support projects are slow and ineffective...
According to Mr. Luong Tuan Anh, Chairman of Tua Chua District People's Committee, in addition to the reasons due to mechanisms and policies, the role and responsibility of the heads of some agencies and units are not high. The coordination in implementation between agencies and units is not tight. The management and operation capacity of some units assigned to be investors, especially at the grassroots level, is still limited and does not meet the requirements. Besides, there is still a situation where officials are afraid of making mistakes and being responsible, affecting the progress of implementation and disbursement of programs, projects and sub-projects. For example, project 2 (diversification of livelihoods component) under the National Target Program for Sustainable Poverty Reduction, in 2022 the district was allocated nearly 5.5 billion VND, in 2023 nearly 8.5 billion VND, but both were not disbursed and transferred to 2024.
To improve the quality and effectiveness of the national target programs, at the end of September, the Standing Committee of the Provincial People's Council supervised the implementation of 3 national target programs in the province. Through supervision, it was shown that the implementation results have not met the expectations and set goals.
According to the assessment of Comrade Giang Thi Hoa, Vice Chairman of the Provincial People's Council, through monitoring, it shows that people's lives still have many difficulties. The rate of communes meeting new rural standards is low (reaching 20% of communes), being one of 4 provinces with the rate of communes meeting new rural standards below 30%. Economic restructuring and innovation of agricultural production models are still slow, agricultural production efficiency is not high. Economic and social infrastructure in rural areas has been invested but not synchronously. The poverty reduction rate is not sustainable; many localities are confused in choosing models to support production, hunger eradication and poverty reduction... which has significantly affected the goals of the programs and beneficiaries.
Lesson 2: Unsustainable and ineffective projects
Source: https://baodienbienphu.com.vn/tin-tuc/kinh-te/218878/khong-de-lang-phi-nguon-luc-cac-chuong-trinh-muc-tieu-quoc-gia
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