From braille classes for blind children to sign language programs for the deaf... Vietnam is gradually building a barrier-free education system where every person with a disability has the opportunity to develop.
Education is a fundamental right of every citizen. The 2013 Constitution (Article 39) affirms that every citizen has the right and obligation to study, and the State creates conditions for young people to access education. For people with disabilities, Vietnam has many legal provisions to ensure that they have equal access to education. The 2005 Education Law clearly states that all citizens, regardless of their circumstances, have equal opportunities to study. The 2010 Law on Persons with Disabilities empowers people with disabilities and their families to choose appropriate educational methods. The 2016 Law on Children emphasizes that children with disabilities have the right to receive special support for comprehensive development and social integration. These documents are an important legal basis to promote inclusive education for people with disabilities in Vietnam.
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| Vietnam is building a barrier-free education system where every person with disabilities has the opportunity to develop. (Illustration photo: KT) |
Currently, Vietnam simultaneously applies two educational models for people with disabilities: inclusive education and specialized education. In which, people with disabilities study according to the specialized education method in specialized educational institutions or specialized classes in educational institutions according to the specialized education program prescribed by the Ministry of Education and Training for each type of disability. In cases where people with disabilities are unable to meet the requirements of the specialized education program, the head of the educational institution decides to adjust, exempt, reduce, or replace some subject content, subjects, or educational activities as appropriate and shown in the Individual Education Plan. The State also pays special attention to specialized schools. Schools with visually impaired students studying in the integrated program are provided with teaching equipment such as: pictures, photos, Braille books, audio-visual aids, abacus, etc. to help students learn more easily.
According to the First National Report on the Implementation of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, the country currently has more than 100 specialized educational institutions and 12 centers for educating children with disabilities, while implementing inclusive education at all levels of general education. The Ministry of Education and Training has also had policies on tuition exemption and reduction, provision of learning support tools and adjustment of educational content to suit each type of disability.
Vietnam has achieved remarkable results in educating people with disabilities. The number of children with disabilities attending school in Vietnam has increased tenfold over the past two decades. In the 2015-2016 school year, 1,043 children with disabilities attended nursery school, 7,343 children with disabilities attended kindergarten, 8,386 children with disabilities attended preschool, 60,659 students with disabilities attended primary school, 16,679 students with disabilities attended secondary school, 2,658 students with disabilities attended high school and many students with disabilities are studying at colleges and universities.
Early detection and intervention programs are implemented nationwide. Deaf people can learn sign language in specialized schools. Blind people are supported to learn Braille and have access to specialized reading devices.
In addition, universities such as Hanoi Pedagogical University, Ho Chi Minh City Pedagogical University, etc. have opened the Special Education Pedagogy major to train specialized teachers. Each year, about 800 teachers are formally trained and more than 10,000 teachers are trained in teaching skills for children with disabilities.
Despite many advances, education for people with disabilities still faces many difficulties: The rate of severely disabled children attending school is still low, especially in remote areas; there is a lack of highly qualified teachers in special education; facilities do not meet the needs, many schools do not have equipment to support teaching...
According to experts, to realize a barrier-free education, it is necessary to continue investing in teachers, facilities and raising social awareness to create the best conditions for people with disabilities to access education equally and sustainably.
On March 7, the Ministry of Education and Training announced the Planning of the system of specialized educational facilities for people with disabilities and the system of centers to support the development of inclusive education for the period 2021-2030, with a vision to 2050. The plan aims to develop a system of specialized educational facilities for people with disabilities and a system of centers to support the development of inclusive education in the national education system by 2030, ensuring quantity, structure and quality, meeting the requirements of ensuring equal opportunities in accessing and enjoying quality educational services and the need for lifelong learning for people with disabilities in all localities. Specifically, by 2030, the country will have 12 public specialized educational institutions and 94 centers supporting the development of inclusive education, and this number will increase to 148 centers by 2050. These institutions ensure sufficient land area to build classrooms and functional rooms in accordance with regulations/standards; meet the minimum needs for necessary educational facilities for people with disabilities; have equipment and learning materials to basically meet the educational needs of people with disabilities. In addition, the plan also aims to develop a team of personnel to support the education of people with disabilities. By 2030, the country will have nearly 11,000 officials to support the education of people with disabilities, of which nearly 6,500 people need to be added. |
Source: https://thoidai.com.vn/huong-toi-nen-giao-duc-khong-rao-can-cho-nguoi-khuet-tat-tai-viet-nam-211125.html
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