The lack of teachers has a significant impact on the implementation of the 2018 General Education Program. Many schools lack teachers to teach subjects in the 2018 General Education Program such as music, fine arts, history and geography, natural sciences, local education, and career guidance activities, but have an excess of teachers to teach single subjects.
Causes of teacher surplus and shortage
To fundamentally solve this problem of local teacher surplus and shortage, the education sector needs to identify subjective and objective causes, from which appropriate solutions can be found.
The shortage of teachers is mainly in mountainous and island areas because of difficult living conditions, working far from home but the salary is not commensurate with ensuring the needs of life, so many teachers quit their jobs, that is the main reason.
Some older teachers cannot keep up with the innovation of the program, technology, work pressure regarding records and books, countless competitions have taken up much of their teaching time, so many teachers have resigned.
Besides, teacher training colleges have not had time to train teachers to teach the new curriculum, especially for integrated subjects: natural sciences, history and geography, arts, etc.
Next, teachers quit their jobs because their salaries are not enough to live on. Even though the State has implemented an annual basic salary increase according to the roadmap from July 1, the actual percentage of salary increase cannot keep up with the rhythm of rising commodity prices.
The treatment is not commensurate with the needs of life, so many teachers quit their jobs.
ILLUSTRATION: NGOC DUONG
With a starting salary of 4,212,000 VND/grade III secondary school teacher from 1.7, whether in urban or mountainous areas, it cannot be said that teachers "can live on their salary", so it is inevitable that many teachers leave the podium.
Because the salary is not enough to live on, many pedagogical students do not want to apply for the job of "teaching children". The quota for recruiting new teachers each year is very low compared to the demand. Many localities have not had quotas for recruiting new teachers for many years.
In a specific case, student Nguyen Phu Lam, who graduated with honors and was valedictorian of the English Pedagogy major at Hue University of Foreign Languages in 2020, has not been able to apply for a teaching job for nearly 3 years. The reason is that Khanh Hoa province has not had a quota for recruiting high school teachers for many years, even though Lam is eligible for recruitment according to Decree 140 of 2017 of the Government on attracting talent.
Proposed solution
The problem of teacher shortage and retaining teachers long-term in the classroom requires a solution and determination from management levels to each educational institution. Below are some proposals to solve the problem of retaining teachers:
Teachers’ salaries and benefits need positive changes so that teachers can stand confidently on the podium without worrying about the burden of food, clothing, rice, and money, tying up their limited spending. After so many years, the promise that teachers can live on their salary, and live well on their salary, has not yet come true.
Therefore, the Ministry of Finance needs to recommend the Government to balance the state budget to increase teachers' salaries, ensuring that teachers can truly live on their salaries. At the same time, the State needs to have a satisfactory regime for teachers working in mountainous areas, islands, remote areas, and isolated areas to feel secure in their work, especially for new teachers with very low salaries.
In addition, the Ministry of Education and Training needs to develop regulations on teacher rotation, transferring teachers from surplus localities to shortage localities, from one school to another, along with appropriate subsidies, so that teachers are ready to accept assignments to teach anywhere without worrying about food, clothing, rice, and money!
The severe shortage of teachers is making teaching and learning difficult.
At the same time, localities and the Department of Education and Training must grasp the increase and decrease of students, the surplus and shortage of teachers every year, especially in large cities such as Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City due to the increase in population causing great pressure on the education sector to advise all levels to have plans to prepare facilities, build more schools, and balance the need to recruit teachers in a timely manner.
The Ministry of Home Affairs is responsible for assigning sufficient and correct teacher staff. If there is a shortage of teachers for any subject, it will recruit teachers for the subject that is suitable for the teaching expertise of the school or locality. It is also not necessary to reduce the number of teachers in the education sector by 10% every year according to the roadmap due to the specific characteristics of the sector and the current situation of teacher surplus and shortage.
The education sector should review and reduce the pressure on teachers to get rid of tasks outside of teaching and education. Currently, teachers are struggling with many tasks: excellent teacher exams, preparing records, connecting with parents, shaping students' ethics, training innovative methods, self-studying and regular training, and even collecting bicycle parking fees, mobilizing students to get vaccinated, reporting progress on various funds...
In addition, society is harshly looking at the teaching staff with an unsympathetic view. A few deviant expressions, a few individuals with wrongdoings are quickly accused by public opinion and stereotyped against all the genuine teaching staff, causing people's hearts to be hurt. The difficult responsibility of teaching and educating people, lacking the understanding and support of parents, makes teachers gradually shrink on the journey of shaping the soul and forging the personality of students.
The education sector needs to effectively implement the school code of conduct so that teachers and students maintain mutual respect and gratitude, teachers and parents are united and accompany each other on the path of educating children, and schools, families and society remain the three solid pillars that bring children to the shore of knowledge, capacity and character. The education sector and related sectors need to thoroughly recognize the obstacles in the career of "growing people" to untie each knot, and release the invisible pressure that is surrounding the teaching profession...
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