Comprehensive fundamental innovation in education and training has affirmed that Vietnamese general education consists of 12 years, divided into 2 stages: Basic education (from grade 1 to grade 9) and career orientation (from grade 10 to grade 12). This is completely consistent with world education, when most countries divide general education into 2 stages. Therefore, the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) PISA assessment program aims to evaluate 15-year-old students who have just finished basic education.
The PISA program assesses three main areas: mathematics, reading and science. The assessment is conducted every three years, with one area being a focus. The test will not be held in 2021 due to the Covid-19 pandemic and will be postponed to 2022. Vietnam has participated in the PISA assessment since 2012 and has always ranked high compared to participating countries and territories, ranking 2nd in Southeast Asia (after Singapore).
However, Vietnam's PISA assessment results from 2022 have decreased significantly, ranking lowest in 2022, decreasing in all areas. The reason may be due to the Covid-19 pandemic. However, one reason, according to many educators, is that in recent years, the percentage of students choosing social science (KHXH) combinations for the high school graduation exam has always been overwhelming. In 2024, the national rate was 63% KHXH and 37% KHTN, even in some localities these two rates were 90% and 10%. This trend has affected students' learning. Right from junior high school, students focus on studying 3 subjects: math, literature and foreign language for the 10th grade exam and study social science subjects so that they can easily get high scores in the high school graduation exam later. This trend has caused the scientific capacity of 15-year-old students in Vietnam to decrease, so the drop in science rankings is inevitable.
The goal of completing junior high school, students achieving a comprehensive, basic general education level, and strong streaming after junior high school is consistent from Resolution No. 29, to the 2019 Education Law and the 2018 General Education Program.
Currently, parents, students and the whole society all want the education and examination process to reduce pressure to the maximum, so that students can study as lightly as possible and pass the exam as easily as possible. However, for the country to develop in the era of the 4.0 industrial revolution and artificial intelligence (AI) that has changed production, economy and society, it requires a lot of human resources in science, technology, engineering, economics, services..., especially human resources in AI and semiconductors...
Therefore, it is important to change the perception of students, parents as well as the whole society, that all subjects are equal in the basic education stage. The assessment and grading of students do not discriminate between subjects, and any subject helps students succeed later.
In order for students to have enough capacity to study at high school level, choose a combination of subjects and take exams according to the human resource needs of the locality and the country, aiming to improve the quality of human resources to bring Vietnam into the era of national development, reducing the pressure of exams by announcing the high school entrance exam plan earlier is necessary, but it is necessary to ensure the comprehensive goal of the middle school level. Otherwise, the educational reform will fail when students choose subjects and take the high school graduation exam against the needs of human resources for national development.
Source: https://thanhnien.vn/de-phat-trien-hai-hoa-nguon-nhan-luc-185241207160054763.htm
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