Understand the suffering of the people
In the mid-19th century, the French imperialists attacked, invaded, and turned our country from an independent feudal country into a semi-feudal colony. The patriotic movements against the French by the Vietnamese people arose continuously but were then brutally suppressed by the French colonialists, entering a dead end "in a dark situation with no way out". National liberation is a fundamental element of Vietnamese society and this motivated Nguyen Tat Thanh to leave to find a way to save the country.
During his youth, Nguyen Tat Thanh received the tradition of patriotism and humanity from his family, hometown, and country. He witnessed the miserable life of the people, the oppression and exploitation of the feudal colonialists. During his childhood, living in his hometown of Nam Dan, Nghe An, a place with a tradition of patriotism and revolution, he studied Chinese characters and was imbued with the spirit of patriotism from the anti-French movements, the spirit of humanity, the courage and loyalty of patriotic Confucian scholars.
Nguyen Tat Thanh deeply absorbed the patriotic tradition of his family, homeland, and country, and understood the Eastern culture and a part of the Western culture. That was a valuable asset, an important foundation for absorbing revolutionary truth, and the first factor in the process of forming awareness about the revolutionary path to national liberation of Nguyen Ai Quoc - Ho Chi Minh.
In 1906, Nguyen Tat Thanh followed his father to Hue for the second time. Here, he had the opportunity to supplement his knowledge of Confucianism, absorb Western culture and think about a new direction, different from his father's generation. He once shared this decision with journalist A. Lui Stroong: "The Vietnamese people, including my father, at that time often wondered who would help them escape from French domination. Some people thought it was Japan, others thought it was England, and some thought it was America. I felt I had to go abroad to see for myself."
Leaving... To return to save the country
“When I was thirteen, I first heard three French words: Liberty, Equality, Fraternity. For us, every white person was a Frenchman. The French said so. And from that time on, I wanted to get acquainted with French civilization, to find out what was hidden behind those words. In the schools for natives, the French taught people like parrots.
They do not allow people in my country to read books and newspapers. Not only books by new writers, but also Rousseau and Montesquieu are banned. So what should I do now? I decided to find a way to go abroad”. That was the direct goal of the first stage of Nguyen Tat Thanh's journey.
To “return to help our compatriots”, we must first clearly understand the enemy oppressing our nation, especially on the land that gave birth to it. At the same time, we must find the right path to liberate our nation in a new direction. That is the difference between Nguyen Tat Thanh and those who went to France at that time.
The journey across continents was an important part, a practical basis in the process of forming awareness of the revolutionary path to national liberation of Nguyen Ai Quoc - Ho Chi Minh. In France, Nguyen Ai Quoc actively participated in the workers' movement and the French Socialist Party. However, as he later said: "I knew very little about political issues, but I wanted my Fatherland to be liberated... Therefore, I joined the Socialist Party. I knew very little about the October Revolution and Lenin; emotionally, I felt I had solidarity with the Russian Revolution and its leader".
After learning that the Third International supported and helped colonial peoples in their liberation struggle and reading the first draft of Lenin's theses on the national and colonial questions published in the newspaper L'humanité on July 16 and 17, 1920, Nguyen Ai Quoc for the first time recognized an international organization supporting the struggle for liberation of peoples oppressed by colonialism and found the right path to save the country and liberate the nation. Therefore, Lenin's theses completely resolved a fundamental but especially important problem that Nguyen Ai Quoc was concerned about, which was the problem of how to liberate colonial peoples.
Finding a path to save the country is difficult, but conducting propaganda and mobilizing the masses to successfully organize that path in reality is much more difficult. Because during the process of realizing that path, the leader's determination is not enough, but he must also correctly assess the situation, choose the right time, and find collaborators with practical experience in mobilizing and organizing the masses.
In June 1923, in a letter to his fellow activists in France, he outlined his work, wishing to return to his homeland soon: “For me, the answer is clear: return to the country, go among the masses, awaken them, organize them, unite them, train them, and lead them to fight for freedom and independence.” However, that path was still full of hardships. He went through many jobs and activities in many countries. In early 1930 in Hong Kong (China), he chaired the Conference to establish the Communist Party of Vietnam.
He cared about national traditions, but did not stray from the class position. This was expressed through the argument: “So, despite the difference in skin color, in this world there are only two races: the exploiting race and the exploited race. And there is only one true friendship: proletarian friendship.” He always persevered in studying theory and regularly made plans to return to the country to carry out his path of national salvation, and contacted the Party Central Committee in the country.
The most remarkable feature of his 30-year journey to save the country was that he never strayed from the goal of returning home to save his compatriots. While in the Soviet Union attending the 6th International Youth Congress, he told writer Erebea: "I have only one wish, which is to return to the Fatherland soon." In early 1941, after 30 years of searching for a way to save the country, Ho Chi Minh ended his journey to save the country, returning to the mountainous region of Cao Bang, the northernmost point of the Fatherland, to directly lead the nation in implementing a new path to save the country, opening a new stage in the cause of liberating the Vietnamese people.
Finding a way to save the country is an extremely difficult task, but propagating and mobilizing the masses in accordance with specific conditions and then applying it in practice is many times more difficult. After the failures of his predecessors, Ho Chi Minh was the first Vietnamese to successfully combine domestic and international strength, national strength and the times.
Based on practical surveys, theoretical research, and summarizing the experiences of many generations, he found the way to save Vietnam from feudal colonial rule. This was not a simple matter but the choice of a model path, the creative application of principles and viewpoints to the circumstances of the Vietnamese revolution, a very creative contribution of President Ho Chi Minh.
Laodong.vn
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